{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2016-05-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-05-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-05-25","date_display":"May 25, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":5,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457533.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869068.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":40.0732,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":258.1132,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":218.04,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.04},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":258.1132,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.7799},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":298.1865},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":5,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457533.770833,"ahargana":1869068.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.082,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":40.192695000000015,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":256.051695,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2188},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":216.61769500000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":20.15009500000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":138.879095,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":36.486594999999966,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":229.519995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":147.7684,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":327.7684,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":5,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457533.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869068.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":40.0732,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":258.1132,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":218.04,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.04},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":258.1132,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.7799},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":298.1865},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.219,"elongation":141.96},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.219,"opposition_distance":38.04}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"04:53","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"11:34","dayLengthHours":13.356175258586074,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 21 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 38 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:35","moonsetLocal":"07:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:34","end":"13:14","startHours":11.562128644085195,"endHours":13.231650551408457,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:33","end":"08:13","startHours":6.553562922115418,"endHours":8.223084829438678,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:54","end":"11:34","startHours":9.892606736761937,"endHours":11.562128644085195,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:00","end":"08:27","startHours":8.000481908462243,"endHours":8.445687750415113,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:26","end":"05:48","startHours":5.440548317233246,"endHours":5.796712990795541,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:07","end":"12:00","startHours":11.116922802132327,"endHours":12.007334486038067,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:06","end":"04:00","startHours":3.103217646980683,"endHours":3.9936293308864212,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:46","end":"04:53","startHours":3.771026409909987,"endHours":4.884041014792159,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:47","end":"14:41","startHours":13.78815785384954,"endHours":14.678569537755278,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.040216273378235,"endHours":18.440216273378233,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:48","startHours":18.240216273378234,"endHours":18.79672357581932,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.990216273378234,"endHours":19.740216273378234,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:07","end":"00:00","startHours":23.11692280213233,"endHours":24.00733448603807,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"04:53","end":"06:33","startHours":4.884041014792159,"endHours":6.553562922115418,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:33","end":"08:13","startHours":6.553562922115418,"endHours":8.223084829438678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:13","end":"09:54","startHours":8.223084829438678,"endHours":9.892606736761937,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:54","end":"11:34","startHours":9.892606736761937,"endHours":11.562128644085195,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:34","end":"13:14","startHours":11.562128644085195,"endHours":13.231650551408457,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:14","end":"14:54","startHours":13.231650551408457,"endHours":14.901172458731715,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:54","end":"16:34","startHours":14.901172458731715,"endHours":16.570694366054973,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:34","end":"18:14","startHours":16.570694366054973,"endHours":18.240216273378234,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:14","end":"19:34","startHours":18.240216273378234,"endHours":19.570694366054976,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:34","end":"20:54","startHours":19.570694366054976,"endHours":20.901172458731715,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:54","end":"22:14","startHours":20.901172458731715,"endHours":22.231650551408457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:14","end":"23:34","startHours":22.231650551408457,"endHours":23.5621286440852,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:34","end":"00:54","startHours":23.5621286440852,"endHours":24.892606736761937,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:54","end":"02:13","startHours":24.892606736761937,"endHours":26.22308482943868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:13","end":"03:33","startHours":26.22308482943868,"endHours":27.553562922115418,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:33","end":"04:53","startHours":27.553562922115418,"endHours":28.88404101479216,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:53","end":"05:53","startHours":4.884041014792159,"endHours":5.884041014792159,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:53","end":"06:53","startHours":5.884041014792159,"endHours":6.884041014792159,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:53","end":"07:53","startHours":6.884041014792159,"endHours":7.884041014792159,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:53","end":"08:53","startHours":7.884041014792159,"endHours":8.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:53","end":"09:53","startHours":8.88404101479216,"endHours":9.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:53","end":"10:53","startHours":9.88404101479216,"endHours":10.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:53","end":"11:53","startHours":10.88404101479216,"endHours":11.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:53","end":"12:53","startHours":11.88404101479216,"endHours":12.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:53","end":"13:53","startHours":12.88404101479216,"endHours":13.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:53","end":"14:53","startHours":13.88404101479216,"endHours":14.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:53","end":"15:53","startHours":14.88404101479216,"endHours":15.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:53","end":"16:53","startHours":15.88404101479216,"endHours":16.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:53","end":"17:53","startHours":16.88404101479216,"endHours":17.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:53","end":"18:53","startHours":17.88404101479216,"endHours":18.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:53","end":"19:53","startHours":18.88404101479216,"endHours":19.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:53","end":"20:53","startHours":19.88404101479216,"endHours":20.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:53","end":"21:53","startHours":20.88404101479216,"endHours":21.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:53","end":"22:53","startHours":21.88404101479216,"endHours":22.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:53","end":"23:53","startHours":22.88404101479216,"endHours":23.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:53","end":"00:53","startHours":23.88404101479216,"endHours":24.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:53","end":"01:53","startHours":24.88404101479216,"endHours":25.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:53","end":"02:53","startHours":25.88404101479216,"endHours":26.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:53","end":"03:53","startHours":26.88404101479216,"endHours":27.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:53","end":"04:53","startHours":27.88404101479216,"endHours":28.88404101479216,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":20.99652760843782,"eotMinutes":3.2178813548881493,"ayanamsa":24.082}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 25, 2016 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 25, 2016 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 04:53, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-05-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-05-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-05-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-05-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-05-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:46:05.548Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:46:05.548Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:46:05.548Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}