{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2016-02-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-02-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-02-21","date_display":"February 21, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":2,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457439.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868974.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":307.8404,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":108.544,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":160.7036,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7036},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":108.544,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8773},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.3843},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":2,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457439.770833,"ahargana":1868974.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0785,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":307.75528699999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":108.01048700000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.1359},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.01258699999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":285.208987,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":145.58308699999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":280.48678700000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":231.191687,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":152.749,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":332.749,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":2,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457439.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868974.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":307.8404,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":108.544,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":160.7036,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7036},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":108.544,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8773},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.3843},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.136,"elongation":160.704},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.136,"opposition_distance":19.296}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.681,"elongation":1.816}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:06","sunsetLocal":"17:37","solarNoonLocal":"11:51","dayLengthHours":11.514447358009825,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 30 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 29 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:00","moonsetLocal":"05:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:10","end":"17:37","startHours":16.170175131607625,"endHours":17.609481051358852,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:51","end":"13:17","startHours":11.85225737235394,"endHours":13.291563292105167,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:44","end":"16:10","startHours":14.730869211856396,"endHours":16.170175131607625,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:10","startHours":8.781738076884654,"endHours":9.165552988818314,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:34","end":"06:53","startHours":6.574802333266103,"endHours":6.8818542628130315,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:14","startHours":11.46844246042028,"endHours":12.2360722842876,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:34","end":"05:20","startHours":4.559774045614383,"endHours":5.327403869481706,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:06","startHours":5.135496413514875,"endHours":6.095033693349027,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:32","startHours":13.771331932022244,"endHours":14.538961755889567,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:25","end":"17:49","startHours":17.409481051358853,"endHours":17.80948105135885,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:37","end":"18:05","startHours":17.609481051358852,"endHours":18.089249691275928,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:22","end":"19:07","startHours":17.359481051358852,"endHours":19.109481051358852,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:14","startHours":23.468442460420277,"endHours":24.2360722842876,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:06","end":"07:32","startHours":6.095033693349027,"endHours":7.534339613100255,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:32","end":"08:58","startHours":7.534339613100255,"endHours":8.973645532851483,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:58","end":"10:25","startHours":8.973645532851483,"endHours":10.412951452602712,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:25","end":"11:51","startHours":10.412951452602712,"endHours":11.85225737235394,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:51","end":"13:17","startHours":11.85225737235394,"endHours":13.291563292105167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:17","end":"14:44","startHours":13.291563292105167,"endHours":14.730869211856396,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:44","end":"16:10","startHours":14.730869211856396,"endHours":16.170175131607625,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:10","end":"17:37","startHours":16.170175131607625,"endHours":17.609481051358852,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:37","end":"19:10","startHours":17.609481051358852,"endHours":19.170175131607625,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:10","end":"20:44","startHours":19.170175131607625,"endHours":20.730869211856394,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:44","end":"22:17","startHours":20.730869211856394,"endHours":22.291563292105167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:17","end":"23:51","startHours":22.291563292105167,"endHours":23.85225737235394,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:51","end":"01:25","startHours":23.85225737235394,"endHours":25.412951452602712,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:25","end":"02:58","startHours":25.412951452602712,"endHours":26.973645532851485,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:58","end":"04:32","startHours":26.973645532851485,"endHours":28.534339613100254,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:32","end":"06:06","startHours":28.534339613100254,"endHours":30.095033693349027,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.095033693349027,"endHours":7.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.095033693349027,"endHours":8.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.095033693349027,"endHours":9.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.095033693349027,"endHours":10.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.095033693349027,"endHours":11.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.095033693349027,"endHours":12.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.095033693349027,"endHours":13.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.095033693349027,"endHours":14.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.095033693349027,"endHours":15.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.095033693349027,"endHours":16.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.095033693349027,"endHours":17.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.095033693349027,"endHours":18.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.095033693349027,"endHours":19.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.095033693349027,"endHours":20.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.095033693349027,"endHours":21.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.095033693349027,"endHours":22.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.095033693349027,"endHours":23.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.095033693349027,"endHours":24.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.095033693349027,"endHours":25.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.095033693349027,"endHours":26.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.095033693349027,"endHours":27.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.095033693349027,"endHours":28.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.095033693349027,"endHours":29.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.095033693349027,"endHours":30.095033693349027,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-10.821041740501538,"eotMinutes":-14.189842341236304,"ayanamsa":24.0785}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 21, 2016 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 21, 2016 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:06, sūryāsta 17:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-02-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-02-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-02-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-02-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-02-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:01:25.346Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:01:25.346Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T11:01:25.346Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}