{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2015-12-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-12-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-12-22","date_display":"December 22, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457378.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868913.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":245.4046,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":22.1893,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.7847,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7847},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":22.1893,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.856},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":267.5939},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457378.770833,"ahargana":1868913.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0761,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":245.771617,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":20.721217000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.2468},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":178.65641700000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":263.677317,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":147.964117,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":205.73181699999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.73111700000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":155.9811,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":335.9811,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457378.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868913.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":245.4046,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":22.1893,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.7847,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7847},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":22.1893,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.856},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":267.5939},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.247,"elongation":136.785},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.247,"opposition_distance":43.215}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:14","sunsetLocal":"16:58","solarNoonLocal":"11:36","dayLengthHours":10.747286842545858,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 44 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 15 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:05","moonsetLocal":"03:06","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:17","end":"15:38","startHours":14.287364925644457,"endHours":15.63077578096269,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:55","end":"10:15","startHours":8.91372150437153,"endHours":10.257132359689763,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:36","end":"12:57","startHours":11.600543215007995,"endHours":12.943954070326228,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:44","end":"09:06","startHours":8.734600056995767,"endHours":9.092842951747294,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"06:58","startHours":6.674703412174477,"endHours":6.961297727975699,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:15","end":"11:58","startHours":11.242300320256465,"endHours":11.958786109759522,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:48","end":"05:31","startHours":4.793928214728951,"endHours":5.5104140042320084,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:20","end":"06:14","startHours":5.331292556856244,"endHours":6.226899793735066,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:24","end":"14:06","startHours":13.391757688765637,"endHours":14.108243478268694,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:46","end":"17:10","startHours":16.774186636280923,"endHours":17.174186636280922,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:58","end":"17:25","startHours":16.974186636280923,"endHours":17.421990254720335,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:43","end":"18:28","startHours":16.724186636280923,"endHours":18.474186636280923,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:15","end":"23:58","startHours":23.24230032025647,"endHours":23.958786109759522,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:14","end":"07:34","startHours":6.226899793735066,"endHours":7.570310649053297,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:34","end":"08:55","startHours":7.570310649053297,"endHours":8.91372150437153,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:55","end":"10:15","startHours":8.91372150437153,"endHours":10.257132359689763,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:15","end":"11:36","startHours":10.257132359689763,"endHours":11.600543215007995,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:36","end":"12:57","startHours":11.600543215007995,"endHours":12.943954070326228,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:57","end":"14:17","startHours":12.943954070326228,"endHours":14.287364925644457,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:17","end":"15:38","startHours":14.287364925644457,"endHours":15.63077578096269,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:38","end":"16:58","startHours":15.63077578096269,"endHours":16.974186636280923,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:58","end":"18:38","startHours":16.974186636280923,"endHours":18.63077578096269,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:38","end":"20:17","startHours":18.63077578096269,"endHours":20.287364925644457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:17","end":"21:57","startHours":20.287364925644457,"endHours":21.943954070326228,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:57","end":"23:36","startHours":21.943954070326228,"endHours":23.600543215007995,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:36","end":"01:15","startHours":23.600543215007995,"endHours":25.257132359689763,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:15","end":"02:55","startHours":25.257132359689763,"endHours":26.91372150437153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:55","end":"04:34","startHours":26.91372150437153,"endHours":28.570310649053297,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:34","end":"06:14","startHours":28.570310649053297,"endHours":30.226899793735065,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.226899793735066,"endHours":7.226899793735066,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.226899793735066,"endHours":8.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.226899793735065,"endHours":9.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.226899793735065,"endHours":10.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.226899793735065,"endHours":11.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.226899793735065,"endHours":12.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.226899793735065,"endHours":13.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.226899793735065,"endHours":14.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.226899793735065,"endHours":15.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.226899793735065,"endHours":16.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.226899793735065,"endHours":17.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.226899793735065,"endHours":18.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.226899793735065,"endHours":19.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.226899793735065,"endHours":20.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.226899793735065,"endHours":21.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.226899793735065,"endHours":22.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.226899793735065,"endHours":23.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.226899793735065,"endHours":24.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.226899793735065,"endHours":25.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.226899793735065,"endHours":26.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.226899793735065,"endHours":27.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.226899793735065,"endHours":28.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.226899793735065,"endHours":29.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":29.226899793735065,"endHours":30.226899793735065,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.436412272833195,"eotMinutes":0.9130070995203906,"ayanamsa":24.0761}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 22, 2015 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 22, 2015 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:14, sūryāsta 16:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-12-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-12-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-12-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-12-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-12-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T17:01:23.994Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T17:01:23.994Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T17:01:23.994Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}