{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2015-03-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-03-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-03-16","date_display":"March 16, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457097.770833,"kali_year":5116,"ahargana":1868632.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.2071,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":273.3672,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":302.1601,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.1601},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":273.3672,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7006},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":244.5744},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457097.770833,"ahargana":1868632.2708,"kali_year":5116,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0654,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.064754,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":270.32535400000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3932},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":353.976754,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":310.119954,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":108.61645399999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":4.062654000000009,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":220.62805400000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":170.8698,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":350.8698,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457097.770833,"kali_year":5116,"ahargana":1868632.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.2071,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":273.3672,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":302.1601,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.1601},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":273.3672,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7006},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":244.5744},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.393,"elongation":57.84},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.393,"opposition_distance":122.16}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:46","sunsetLocal":"17:47","solarNoonLocal":"11:46","dayLengthHours":12.012955648354698,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 00 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 59 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:18","moonsetLocal":"13:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"08:46","startHours":7.266894967558088,"endHours":8.768514423602426,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:16","end":"11:46","startHours":10.270133879646762,"endHours":11.771753335691098,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:16","end":"14:46","startHours":13.273372791735436,"endHours":14.774992247779775,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:34","end":"08:58","startHours":8.568298496129847,"endHours":8.968730351075003,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:16","end":"06:35","startHours":6.265815330195196,"endHours":6.586160814151322,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:22","end":"12:10","startHours":11.371321480745943,"endHours":12.172185190636254,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"04:58","startHours":4.163548091733124,"endHours":4.964411801623437,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":4.764195874150859,"endHours":5.76527551151375,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:34","startHours":13.773912610416883,"endHours":14.574776320307196,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:35","end":"17:59","startHours":17.578231159868448,"endHours":17.978231159868447,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:47","end":"18:17","startHours":17.778231159868447,"endHours":18.278770978549893,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:32","end":"19:17","startHours":17.528231159868447,"endHours":19.278231159868447,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:22","end":"00:10","startHours":23.37132148074594,"endHours":24.172185190636256,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:46","end":"07:16","startHours":5.76527551151375,"endHours":7.266894967558088,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"08:46","startHours":7.266894967558088,"endHours":8.768514423602426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:46","end":"10:16","startHours":8.768514423602426,"endHours":10.270133879646762,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:16","end":"11:46","startHours":10.270133879646762,"endHours":11.771753335691098,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:46","end":"13:16","startHours":11.771753335691098,"endHours":13.273372791735436,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:16","end":"14:46","startHours":13.273372791735436,"endHours":14.774992247779775,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:46","end":"16:17","startHours":14.774992247779775,"endHours":16.27661170382411,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:17","end":"17:47","startHours":16.27661170382411,"endHours":17.778231159868447,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:47","end":"19:17","startHours":17.778231159868447,"endHours":19.27661170382411,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:17","end":"20:46","startHours":19.27661170382411,"endHours":20.77499224777977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:46","end":"22:16","startHours":20.77499224777977,"endHours":22.273372791735436,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:16","end":"23:46","startHours":22.273372791735436,"endHours":23.7717533356911,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:46","end":"01:16","startHours":23.7717533356911,"endHours":25.27013387964676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:16","end":"02:46","startHours":25.27013387964676,"endHours":26.768514423602426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:46","end":"04:16","startHours":26.768514423602426,"endHours":28.266894967558088,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:16","end":"05:46","startHours":28.266894967558088,"endHours":29.76527551151375,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":5.76527551151375,"endHours":6.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.76527551151375,"endHours":7.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.76527551151375,"endHours":8.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.76527551151375,"endHours":9.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.76527551151375,"endHours":10.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.76527551151375,"endHours":11.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.76527551151375,"endHours":12.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.76527551151375,"endHours":13.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.76527551151375,"endHours":14.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.76527551151375,"endHours":15.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.76527551151375,"endHours":16.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.76527551151375,"endHours":17.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.76527551151375,"endHours":18.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.76527551151375,"endHours":19.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.76527551151375,"endHours":20.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.76527551151375,"endHours":21.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.76527551151375,"endHours":22.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.76527551151375,"endHours":23.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.76527551151375,"endHours":24.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.76527551151375,"endHours":25.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.76527551151375,"endHours":26.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.76527551151375,"endHours":27.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.76527551151375,"endHours":28.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.76527551151375,"endHours":29.76527551151375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-1.9349323845164508,"eotMinutes":-9.359600141465874,"ayanamsa":24.0654}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"papamochani-ekadashi","name":"Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पापमोचनी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes mahā-pātakas (great sins).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 16, 2015 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 16, 2015 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:46, sūryāsta 17:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-03-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-03-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-03-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-03-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2015-03-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:57:00.035Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:57:00.035Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:57:00.035Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}