{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2014-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2014-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2014-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 2014 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2014,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456744.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868279.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.3741,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.4914,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":325.1173,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1173},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":308.4914,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8247},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":291.8655},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2014,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456744.770833,"ahargana":1868279.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0519,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.23344099999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.403241,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.938},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":178.84624099999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":318.98264100000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":76.46504099999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":296.54924099999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":208.491041,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":189.5734,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":9.5734,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2014,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456744.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868279.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.3741,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.4914,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":325.1173,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1173},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":308.4914,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8247},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":291.8655},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.938,"elongation":34.883},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.938,"opposition_distance":145.117}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:34","sunsetLocal":"17:51","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":12.281073376343818,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 16 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 43 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:32","moonsetLocal":"14:59","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:10","end":"11:43","startHours":10.174294868063718,"endHours":11.709429040106695,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:47","end":"16:19","startHours":14.77969738419265,"endHours":16.314831556235628,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:06","end":"08:38","startHours":7.1040265239777645,"endHours":8.639160696020742,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:26","end":"08:51","startHours":8.434476139748345,"endHours":8.84384525229314,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:05","end":"06:24","startHours":6.0806037426157795,"endHours":6.408099032651615,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:18","end":"12:07","startHours":11.3000599275619,"endHours":12.11879815265149,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:56","end":"04:45","startHours":3.9314159017556114,"endHours":4.750154126845199,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:33","end":"05:34","startHours":4.545469570572802,"endHours":5.568892351934787,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:45","end":"14:35","startHours":13.756274602830665,"endHours":14.575012827920252,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:39","end":"18:03","startHours":17.649965728278605,"endHours":18.049965728278604,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:51","end":"18:22","startHours":17.849965728278605,"endHours":18.361677118959598,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:21","startHours":17.599965728278605,"endHours":19.349965728278605,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:18","end":"00:07","startHours":23.3000599275619,"endHours":24.11879815265149,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:34","end":"07:06","startHours":5.568892351934787,"endHours":7.1040265239777645,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:06","end":"08:38","startHours":7.1040265239777645,"endHours":8.639160696020742,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:38","end":"10:10","startHours":8.639160696020742,"endHours":10.174294868063718,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:10","end":"11:43","startHours":10.174294868063718,"endHours":11.709429040106695,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:43","end":"13:15","startHours":11.709429040106695,"endHours":13.244563212149673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:15","end":"14:47","startHours":13.244563212149673,"endHours":14.77969738419265,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:47","end":"16:19","startHours":14.77969738419265,"endHours":16.314831556235628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:19","end":"17:51","startHours":16.314831556235628,"endHours":17.849965728278605,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:51","end":"19:19","startHours":17.849965728278605,"endHours":19.314831556235628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:19","end":"20:47","startHours":19.314831556235628,"endHours":20.77969738419265,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:47","end":"22:15","startHours":20.77969738419265,"endHours":22.24456321214967,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:15","end":"23:43","startHours":22.24456321214967,"endHours":23.709429040106695,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:43","end":"01:10","startHours":23.709429040106695,"endHours":25.17429486806372,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:10","end":"02:38","startHours":25.17429486806372,"endHours":26.639160696020742,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:38","end":"04:06","startHours":26.639160696020742,"endHours":28.104026523977765,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:06","end":"05:34","startHours":28.104026523977765,"endHours":29.568892351934785,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:34","end":"06:34","startHours":5.568892351934787,"endHours":6.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:34","end":"07:34","startHours":6.568892351934787,"endHours":7.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:34","end":"08:34","startHours":7.568892351934787,"endHours":8.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:34","end":"09:34","startHours":8.568892351934787,"endHours":9.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:34","end":"10:34","startHours":9.568892351934787,"endHours":10.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:34","end":"11:34","startHours":10.568892351934787,"endHours":11.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:34","end":"12:34","startHours":11.568892351934787,"endHours":12.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:34","end":"13:34","startHours":12.568892351934787,"endHours":13.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:34","end":"14:34","startHours":13.568892351934787,"endHours":14.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:34","end":"15:34","startHours":14.568892351934787,"endHours":15.568892351934787,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:34","end":"16:34","startHours":15.568892351934787,"endHours":16.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:34","end":"17:34","startHours":16.568892351934785,"endHours":17.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:34","end":"18:34","startHours":17.568892351934785,"endHours":18.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:34","end":"19:34","startHours":18.568892351934785,"endHours":19.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:34","end":"20:34","startHours":19.568892351934785,"endHours":20.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:34","end":"21:34","startHours":20.568892351934785,"endHours":21.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:34","end":"22:34","startHours":21.568892351934785,"endHours":22.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:34","end":"23:34","startHours":22.568892351934785,"endHours":23.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:34","end":"00:34","startHours":23.568892351934785,"endHours":24.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:34","end":"01:34","startHours":24.568892351934785,"endHours":25.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:34","end":"02:34","startHours":25.568892351934785,"endHours":26.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:34","end":"03:34","startHours":26.568892351934785,"endHours":27.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:34","end":"04:34","startHours":27.568892351934785,"endHours":28.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:34","end":"05:34","startHours":28.568892351934785,"endHours":29.568892351934785,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":2.891041460537677,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":24.0519}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2071,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","saka_samvat":1936,"saka_samvatsara":"Jaya","bengali_samvat":1421,"malayalam_era":1190,"nanakshahi_year":545,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2071 Plavaṅga · Śaka 1936 Jaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 2014 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 2014 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:34, sūryāsta 17:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2014-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2014-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2014-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2014-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2014-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:39:56.496Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:39:56.496Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T15:39:56.496Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}