{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2011-12-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2011-12-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2011-12-31","date_display":"December 31, 2011 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455926.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867461.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6904,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":330.9909,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":76.3005,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3005},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":330.9909,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9909},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":225.6813},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2011,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455926.770833,"ahargana":1867461.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0206,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.967394,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":331.638194,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4553},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":145.65979400000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":234.26879400000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":6.233793999999989,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":288.465994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":183.94259399999999,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":232.915,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":52.915,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455926.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867461.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6904,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":330.9909,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":76.3005,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3005},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":330.9909,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9909},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":225.6813},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.455,"elongation":76.301},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.455,"opposition_distance":103.699}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:17","sunsetLocal":"17:03","solarNoonLocal":"11:40","dayLengthHours":10.76727967149012,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 02 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 58 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:47","moonsetLocal":"22:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:59","end":"10:19","startHours":8.978210664190893,"endHours":10.324120623127158,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:01","end":"14:22","startHours":13.015940540999688,"endHours":14.361850499935953,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:17","end":"07:38","startHours":6.286390746318363,"endHours":7.632300705254628,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:48","end":"09:09","startHours":8.79875600299939,"endHours":9.157665325382395,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:44","end":"07:01","startHours":6.735027399297118,"endHours":7.022154857203521,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:19","end":"12:02","startHours":11.311121259680418,"endHours":12.028939904446426,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:34","startHours":4.850753456786347,"endHours":5.568572101552355,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:23","end":"06:17","startHours":5.389117440360852,"endHours":6.286390746318363,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:28","end":"14:11","startHours":13.464577193978442,"endHours":14.182395838744451,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:51","end":"17:15","startHours":16.853670417808484,"endHours":17.253670417808483,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:03","end":"17:30","startHours":17.053670417808483,"endHours":17.50230707078724,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:48","end":"18:33","startHours":16.803670417808483,"endHours":18.553670417808483,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:19","end":"00:02","startHours":23.31112125968042,"endHours":24.028939904446425,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:17","end":"07:38","startHours":6.286390746318363,"endHours":7.632300705254628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:38","end":"08:59","startHours":7.632300705254628,"endHours":8.978210664190893,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:59","end":"10:19","startHours":8.978210664190893,"endHours":10.324120623127158,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:19","end":"11:40","startHours":10.324120623127158,"endHours":11.670030582063422,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:40","end":"13:01","startHours":11.670030582063422,"endHours":13.015940540999688,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:01","end":"14:22","startHours":13.015940540999688,"endHours":14.361850499935953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:22","end":"15:42","startHours":14.361850499935953,"endHours":15.707760458872219,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:42","end":"17:03","startHours":15.707760458872219,"endHours":17.053670417808483,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:03","end":"18:42","startHours":17.053670417808483,"endHours":18.70776045887222,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:42","end":"20:22","startHours":18.70776045887222,"endHours":20.361850499935954,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:22","end":"22:01","startHours":20.361850499935954,"endHours":22.015940540999686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:01","end":"23:40","startHours":22.015940540999686,"endHours":23.670030582063422,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:40","end":"01:19","startHours":23.670030582063422,"endHours":25.324120623127158,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:19","end":"02:59","startHours":25.324120623127158,"endHours":26.978210664190893,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:59","end":"04:38","startHours":26.978210664190893,"endHours":28.63230070525463,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:38","end":"06:17","startHours":28.63230070525463,"endHours":30.28639074631836,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":6.286390746318363,"endHours":7.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.286390746318363,"endHours":8.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.286390746318363,"endHours":9.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.286390746318363,"endHours":10.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.286390746318363,"endHours":11.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.286390746318363,"endHours":12.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.286390746318363,"endHours":13.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.286390746318363,"endHours":14.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.286390746318363,"endHours":15.286390746318363,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.286390746318363,"endHours":16.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.28639074631836,"endHours":17.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.28639074631836,"endHours":18.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.28639074631836,"endHours":19.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.28639074631836,"endHours":20.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.28639074631836,"endHours":21.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.28639074631836,"endHours":22.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.28639074631836,"endHours":23.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.28639074631836,"endHours":24.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.28639074631836,"endHours":25.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.28639074631836,"endHours":26.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.28639074631836,"endHours":27.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.28639074631836,"endHours":28.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.28639074631836,"endHours":29.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.28639074631836,"endHours":30.28639074631836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.13187308289489,"eotMinutes":-3.2562349238053434,"ayanamsa":24.0206}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2068,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhi","saka_samvat":1933,"saka_samvatsara":"Khara","bengali_samvat":1418,"malayalam_era":1187,"nanakshahi_year":542,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2068 Krodhi · Śaka 1933 Khara"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 31, 2011 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 31, 2011 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:17, sūryāsta 17:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2011-12-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2011-12-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2011-12-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2011-12-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2011-12-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:31:38.135Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:31:38.135Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T15:31:38.135Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}