{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2003-07-05:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-07-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-07-05","date_display":"July 5, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":7,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452825.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864360.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.3752,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.5301,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":65.1549,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.1549},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":143.5301,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.1968},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":221.9053},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":10,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":7,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452825.770833,"ahargana":1864360.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.902,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.74247500000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":142.28587500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3186},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":312.43707500000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":78.203375,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":114.79997500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":66.44557499999996,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":70.01707499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":37.2209,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":217.2209,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":7,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452825.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864360.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.3752,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.5301,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":65.1549,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.1549},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":143.5301,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.1968},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":221.9053},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":10,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.319,"elongation":65.155},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.319,"opposition_distance":114.845}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"04:57","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:41","dayLengthHours":13.478526145595588,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 28 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 31 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:44","moonsetLocal":"22:07","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:19","end":"10:00","startHours":8.315999400207886,"endHours":10.000815168407334,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:22","end":"15:03","startHours":13.37044670480623,"endHours":15.05526247300568,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"04:57","end":"06:38","startHours":4.946367863808988,"endHours":6.631183632008437,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:05","end":"08:32","startHours":8.091357297781292,"endHours":8.540641502634479,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:30","end":"05:52","startHours":5.507973119875471,"endHours":5.86740048375802,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:14","end":"12:08","startHours":11.236346731753596,"endHours":12.134915141459967,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:09","end":"04:03","startHours":3.1492310443962435,"endHours":4.047799454102615,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:49","end":"04:57","startHours":3.8231573516760227,"endHours":4.946367863808988,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:50","startHours":13.932051960872712,"endHours":14.830620370579085,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.224894009404576,"endHours":18.624894009404574,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:59","startHours":18.424894009404575,"endHours":18.986499265471057,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.174894009404575,"endHours":19.924894009404575,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:14","end":"00:08","startHours":23.236346731753596,"endHours":24.134915141459967,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:57","end":"06:38","startHours":4.946367863808988,"endHours":6.631183632008437,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:38","end":"08:19","startHours":6.631183632008437,"endHours":8.315999400207886,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:19","end":"10:00","startHours":8.315999400207886,"endHours":10.000815168407334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:00","end":"11:41","startHours":10.000815168407334,"endHours":11.685630936606781,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:41","end":"13:22","startHours":11.685630936606781,"endHours":13.37044670480623,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:22","end":"15:03","startHours":13.37044670480623,"endHours":15.05526247300568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:03","end":"16:44","startHours":15.05526247300568,"endHours":16.740078241205126,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:25","startHours":16.740078241205126,"endHours":18.424894009404575,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:25","end":"19:44","startHours":18.424894009404575,"endHours":19.740078241205126,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:44","end":"21:03","startHours":19.740078241205126,"endHours":21.055262473005676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:03","end":"22:22","startHours":21.055262473005676,"endHours":22.37044670480623,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:22","end":"23:41","startHours":22.37044670480623,"endHours":23.68563093660678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:41","end":"01:00","startHours":23.68563093660678,"endHours":25.000815168407332,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:00","end":"02:19","startHours":25.000815168407332,"endHours":26.315999400207886,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:19","end":"03:38","startHours":26.315999400207886,"endHours":27.631183632008437,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:38","end":"04:57","startHours":27.631183632008437,"endHours":28.946367863808987,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:57","end":"05:57","startHours":4.946367863808988,"endHours":5.946367863808988,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:57","end":"06:57","startHours":5.946367863808988,"endHours":6.946367863808988,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:57","end":"07:57","startHours":6.946367863808988,"endHours":7.946367863808988,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:57","end":"08:57","startHours":7.946367863808988,"endHours":8.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:57","end":"09:57","startHours":8.946367863808987,"endHours":9.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:57","end":"10:57","startHours":9.946367863808987,"endHours":10.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:57","end":"11:57","startHours":10.946367863808987,"endHours":11.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:57","end":"12:57","startHours":11.946367863808987,"endHours":12.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:57","end":"13:57","startHours":12.946367863808987,"endHours":13.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:57","end":"14:57","startHours":13.946367863808987,"endHours":14.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:57","end":"15:57","startHours":14.946367863808987,"endHours":15.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:57","end":"16:57","startHours":15.946367863808987,"endHours":16.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:57","end":"17:57","startHours":16.946367863808987,"endHours":17.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:57","end":"18:57","startHours":17.946367863808987,"endHours":18.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:57","end":"19:57","startHours":18.946367863808987,"endHours":19.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:57","end":"20:57","startHours":19.946367863808987,"endHours":20.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:57","end":"21:57","startHours":20.946367863808987,"endHours":21.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:57","end":"22:57","startHours":21.946367863808987,"endHours":22.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:57","end":"23:57","startHours":22.946367863808987,"endHours":23.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:57","end":"00:57","startHours":23.946367863808987,"endHours":24.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:57","end":"01:57","startHours":24.946367863808987,"endHours":25.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:57","end":"02:57","startHours":25.946367863808987,"endHours":26.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:57","end":"03:57","startHours":26.946367863808987,"endHours":27.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:57","end":"04:57","startHours":27.946367863808987,"endHours":28.946367863808987,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":22.835476345339668,"eotMinutes":-4.192256196406893,"ayanamsa":23.902}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 5, 2003 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 5, 2003 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 04:57, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-07-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-07-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-07-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-07-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-07-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T09:47:53.521Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T09:47:53.521Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T09:47:53.521Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}