{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2003-01-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-01-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-01-12","date_display":"January 12, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452651.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864186.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.3635,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.2682,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":105.9047,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.9047},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":13.2682,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2682},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":280.6317},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452651.770833,"ahargana":1864186.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8953,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.511024,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.599423999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.4604},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.77082399999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":266.93972400000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":111.79872399999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":220.53452399999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":59.62542400000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":46.4403,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":226.4403,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452651.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864186.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.3635,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.2682,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":105.9047,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.9047},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":13.2682,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2682},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":280.6317},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.46,"elongation":105.905},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.46,"opposition_distance":74.095}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"17:11","solarNoonLocal":"11:45","dayLengthHours":10.857867913308544,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:23","moonsetLocal":"01:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:50","end":"17:11","startHours":15.825218511430338,"endHours":17.182452000593905,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:45","end":"13:07","startHours":11.753518043939632,"endHours":13.110751533103201,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:28","end":"15:50","startHours":14.467985022266769,"endHours":15.825218511430338,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:13","startHours":8.858086600390688,"endHours":9.220015530834306,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:47","end":"07:04","startHours":6.776995250339883,"endHours":7.066538394694778,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:23","end":"12:07","startHours":11.391589113496014,"endHours":12.11544697438325,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:53","end":"05:36","startHours":4.876868365510888,"endHours":5.600726226398125,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:25","end":"06:19","startHours":5.419761761176316,"endHours":6.324584087285361,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:34","end":"14:17","startHours":13.563162696157724,"endHours":14.28702055704496,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:59","end":"17:23","startHours":16.982452000593906,"endHours":17.382452000593904,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:11","end":"17:38","startHours":17.182452000593905,"endHours":17.63486316364843,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:56","end":"18:41","startHours":16.932452000593905,"endHours":18.682452000593905,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:23","end":"00:07","startHours":23.391589113496014,"endHours":24.11544697438325,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:41","startHours":6.324584087285361,"endHours":7.681817576448929,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:41","end":"09:02","startHours":7.681817576448929,"endHours":9.039051065612497,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:02","end":"10:24","startHours":9.039051065612497,"endHours":10.396284554776065,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:24","end":"11:45","startHours":10.396284554776065,"endHours":11.753518043939632,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:45","end":"13:07","startHours":11.753518043939632,"endHours":13.110751533103201,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:07","end":"14:28","startHours":13.110751533103201,"endHours":14.467985022266769,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:28","end":"15:50","startHours":14.467985022266769,"endHours":15.825218511430338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:50","end":"17:11","startHours":15.825218511430338,"endHours":17.182452000593905,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:11","end":"18:50","startHours":17.182452000593905,"endHours":18.825218511430336,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"18:50","end":"20:28","startHours":18.825218511430336,"endHours":20.46798502226677,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:28","end":"22:07","startHours":20.46798502226677,"endHours":22.1107515331032,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:07","end":"23:45","startHours":22.1107515331032,"endHours":23.753518043939632,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:45","end":"01:24","startHours":23.753518043939632,"endHours":25.396284554776066,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:24","end":"03:02","startHours":25.396284554776066,"endHours":27.039051065612497,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:02","end":"04:41","startHours":27.039051065612497,"endHours":28.68181757644893,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:41","end":"06:19","startHours":28.68181757644893,"endHours":30.32458408728536,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.324584087285361,"endHours":7.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.324584087285361,"endHours":8.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.324584087285361,"endHours":9.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.324584087285361,"endHours":10.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.324584087285361,"endHours":11.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.324584087285361,"endHours":12.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.324584087285361,"endHours":13.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.324584087285361,"endHours":14.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.324584087285361,"endHours":15.324584087285361,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.324584087285361,"endHours":16.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.32458408728536,"endHours":17.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.32458408728536,"endHours":18.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.32458408728536,"endHours":19.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.32458408728536,"endHours":20.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.32458408728536,"endHours":21.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.32458408728536,"endHours":22.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.32458408728536,"endHours":23.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.32458408728536,"endHours":24.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.32458408728536,"endHours":25.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.32458408728536,"endHours":26.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.32458408728536,"endHours":27.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.32458408728536,"endHours":28.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.32458408728536,"endHours":29.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.32458408728536,"endHours":30.32458408728536,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.73381806923921,"eotMinutes":-8.265482636377905,"ayanamsa":23.8953}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 12, 2003 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 12, 2003 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 17:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-01-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-01-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-01-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-01-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2003-01-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T06:01:41.703Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T06:01:41.703Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-05T06:01:41.703Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}