{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2001-09-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-09-20","date_display":"September 20, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452172.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863707.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":152.5386,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":187.6285,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":35.0899,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.0899},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":187.6285,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9618},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":340.1671},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452172.770833,"ahargana":1863707.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.877,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.279225,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":189.36382500000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0504},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":252.21512499999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":179.73282500000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.78952500000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":124.85942499999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":50.98202500000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":71.82,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":251.82,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452172.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863707.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":152.5386,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":187.6285,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":35.0899,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.0899},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":187.6285,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9618},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":340.1671},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.05,"elongation":35.09},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.05,"opposition_distance":144.91}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:24","sunsetLocal":"17:35","solarNoonLocal":"11:30","dayLengthHours":12.183086779065704,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 10 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 49 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:13","moonsetLocal":"19:35","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:01","end":"14:32","startHours":13.016197268023976,"endHours":14.539083115407188,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:24","end":"06:55","startHours":5.401768031107911,"endHours":6.924653878491124,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"09:58","startHours":8.447539725874336,"endHours":9.97042557325755,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:39","startHours":8.244488279556574,"endHours":8.650591172192097,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:55","end":"06:14","startHours":5.909396646902315,"endHours":6.234278961010734,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:05","end":"11:54","startHours":11.087208528005238,"endHours":11.899414313276285,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:47","end":"04:35","startHours":3.7773564605658168,"endHours":4.589562245836864,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:23","end":"05:24","startHours":4.386510799519102,"endHours":5.401768031107911,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:31","end":"14:20","startHours":13.523825883818379,"endHours":14.336031669089426,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:23","end":"17:47","startHours":17.384854810173614,"endHours":17.784854810173613,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:35","end":"18:06","startHours":17.584854810173614,"endHours":18.09248342596802,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:20","end":"19:05","startHours":17.334854810173614,"endHours":19.084854810173614,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:05","end":"23:54","startHours":23.087208528005238,"endHours":23.899414313276285,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:24","end":"06:55","startHours":5.401768031107911,"endHours":6.924653878491124,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"06:55","end":"08:27","startHours":6.924653878491124,"endHours":8.447539725874336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:27","end":"09:58","startHours":8.447539725874336,"endHours":9.97042557325755,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:58","end":"11:30","startHours":9.97042557325755,"endHours":11.493311420640762,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:30","end":"13:01","startHours":11.493311420640762,"endHours":13.016197268023976,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:01","end":"14:32","startHours":13.016197268023976,"endHours":14.539083115407188,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:32","end":"16:04","startHours":14.539083115407188,"endHours":16.061968962790402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:04","end":"17:35","startHours":16.061968962790402,"endHours":17.584854810173614,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:35","end":"19:04","startHours":17.584854810173614,"endHours":19.061968962790402,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:04","end":"20:32","startHours":19.061968962790402,"endHours":20.539083115407188,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:32","end":"22:01","startHours":20.539083115407188,"endHours":22.016197268023973,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:01","end":"23:30","startHours":22.016197268023973,"endHours":23.49331142064076,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:30","end":"00:58","startHours":23.49331142064076,"endHours":24.97042557325755,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:58","end":"02:27","startHours":24.97042557325755,"endHours":26.447539725874336,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:27","end":"03:55","startHours":26.447539725874336,"endHours":27.92465387849112,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:55","end":"05:24","startHours":27.92465387849112,"endHours":29.40176803110791,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":5.401768031107911,"endHours":6.401768031107911,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.401768031107911,"endHours":7.401768031107911,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.401768031107911,"endHours":8.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.40176803110791,"endHours":9.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.40176803110791,"endHours":10.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.40176803110791,"endHours":11.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.40176803110791,"endHours":12.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.40176803110791,"endHours":13.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.40176803110791,"endHours":14.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.40176803110791,"endHours":15.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.40176803110791,"endHours":16.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.40176803110791,"endHours":17.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.40176803110791,"endHours":18.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.40176803110791,"endHours":19.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.40176803110791,"endHours":20.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.40176803110791,"endHours":21.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.40176803110791,"endHours":22.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.40176803110791,"endHours":23.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.40176803110791,"endHours":24.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.40176803110791,"endHours":25.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.40176803110791,"endHours":26.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.40176803110791,"endHours":27.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.40176803110791,"endHours":28.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.40176803110791,"endHours":29.40176803110791,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":1.1306706841199137,"eotMinutes":7.346914761554353,"ayanamsa":23.877}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"varaha-jayanti","name":"Varāha Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"वराह जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Varāha (3rd daśāvatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":12,"significance":"Varāha lifted Bhū-Devī from the cosmic ocean.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":3,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Bhāgavata 3.13"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Varāha Jayantī is not live yet; Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 20, 2001 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 20, 2001 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 05:24, sūryāsta 17:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-26T02:31:04.368Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-26T02:31:04.368Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-26T02:31:04.368Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}