{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2001-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452153.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863688.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.1168,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.4077,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":159.2909,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2909},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":293.4077,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0744},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.5245},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452153.770833,"ahargana":1863688.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8763,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.807751,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":294.41055099999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.9256},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.36335099999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":156.06605100000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":75.99605099999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":101.92625099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":50.42805099999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":72.8267,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":252.8267,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452153.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863688.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.1168,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.4077,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":159.2909,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2909},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":293.4077,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0744},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.5245},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.926,"elongation":159.291},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.926,"opposition_distance":20.709}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:19","sunsetLocal":"17:54","solarNoonLocal":"11:36","dayLengthHours":12.58669975478768,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 35 Mins 12 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 24 Mins 48 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:38","moonsetLocal":"03:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:28","end":"10:02","startHours":8.461151431118523,"endHours":10.034488900466984,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:11","end":"14:45","startHours":13.181163839163904,"endHours":14.754501308512364,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:19","end":"06:53","startHours":5.314476492421604,"endHours":6.887813961770064,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:40","startHours":8.251373101872062,"endHours":8.670929760364984,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:50","end":"06:10","startHours":5.838922315537757,"endHours":6.174567642332095,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:11","end":"12:02","startHours":11.188269711322523,"endHours":12.027383028308368,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:29","startHours":3.636249858449913,"endHours":4.475363175435758,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:16","end":"05:19","startHours":4.265584846189297,"endHours":5.314476492421604,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:42","end":"14:33","startHours":13.705609662280057,"endHours":14.544722979265902,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:42","end":"18:06","startHours":17.701176247209286,"endHours":18.101176247209285,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:54","end":"18:26","startHours":17.901176247209285,"endHours":18.42562207032544,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:39","end":"19:24","startHours":17.651176247209285,"endHours":19.401176247209285,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:11","end":"00:02","startHours":23.188269711322523,"endHours":24.027383028308368,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:19","end":"06:53","startHours":5.314476492421604,"endHours":6.887813961770064,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:53","end":"08:28","startHours":6.887813961770064,"endHours":8.461151431118523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:28","end":"10:02","startHours":8.461151431118523,"endHours":10.034488900466984,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:02","end":"11:36","startHours":10.034488900466984,"endHours":11.607826369815445,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:36","end":"13:11","startHours":11.607826369815445,"endHours":13.181163839163904,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:11","end":"14:45","startHours":13.181163839163904,"endHours":14.754501308512364,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:45","end":"16:20","startHours":14.754501308512364,"endHours":16.327838777860826,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:20","end":"17:54","startHours":16.327838777860826,"endHours":17.901176247209285,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:54","end":"19:20","startHours":17.901176247209285,"endHours":19.327838777860826,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:20","end":"20:45","startHours":19.327838777860826,"endHours":20.754501308512367,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:45","end":"22:11","startHours":20.754501308512367,"endHours":22.181163839163904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:11","end":"23:36","startHours":22.181163839163904,"endHours":23.607826369815445,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:36","end":"01:02","startHours":23.607826369815445,"endHours":25.034488900466986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:02","end":"02:28","startHours":25.034488900466986,"endHours":26.461151431118523,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:28","end":"03:53","startHours":26.461151431118523,"endHours":27.887813961770064,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:53","end":"05:19","startHours":27.887813961770064,"endHours":29.314476492421605,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":5.314476492421604,"endHours":6.314476492421604,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.314476492421604,"endHours":7.314476492421604,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.314476492421604,"endHours":8.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.314476492421605,"endHours":9.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.314476492421605,"endHours":10.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.314476492421605,"endHours":11.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.314476492421605,"endHours":12.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.314476492421605,"endHours":13.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.314476492421605,"endHours":14.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.314476492421605,"endHours":15.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.314476492421605,"endHours":16.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.314476492421605,"endHours":17.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.314476492421605,"endHours":18.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.314476492421605,"endHours":19.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.314476492421605,"endHours":20.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.314476492421605,"endHours":21.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.314476492421605,"endHours":22.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.314476492421605,"endHours":23.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.314476492421605,"endHours":24.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.314476492421605,"endHours":25.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.314476492421605,"endHours":26.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.314476492421605,"endHours":27.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.314476492421605,"endHours":28.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.314476492421605,"endHours":29.314476492421605,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.312955868766522,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":23.8763}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2001 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2001 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:19, sūryāsta 17:54.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2001-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T04:02:48.474Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T04:02:48.474Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T04:02:48.474Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}