{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2000-09-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-09-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-09-25","date_display":"September 25, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451812.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863347.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.6779,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":122.6049,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":324.9271,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.9271},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":122.6049,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6049},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":280.2828},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451812.770833,"ahargana":1863347.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8632,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":158.42197999999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":121.37977999999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.3636},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":131.14567999999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":181.59758,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":47.30097999999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":186.64067999999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":36.90268000000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":90.8945,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":270.8945,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451812.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863347.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.6779,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":122.6049,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":324.9271,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.9271},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":122.6049,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6049},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":280.2828},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.364,"elongation":35.073},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.364,"opposition_distance":144.927}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:26","sunsetLocal":"17:30","solarNoonLocal":"11:28","dayLengthHours":12.069885897123449,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 12 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 48 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:35","moonsetLocal":"15:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"06:56","end":"08:27","startHours":6.937110678773007,"endHours":8.445846415913438,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:57","end":"11:28","startHours":9.95458215305387,"endHours":11.4633178901943,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:58","end":"14:29","startHours":12.97205362733473,"endHours":14.480789364475163,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:39","startHours":8.24468165096138,"endHours":8.647011180865496,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:15","startHours":5.93128685401272,"endHours":6.253150477936012,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:04","end":"11:52","startHours":11.060988360290185,"endHours":11.865647420098416,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:49","end":"04:37","startHours":3.8190568220161163,"endHours":4.623715881824346,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:25","end":"05:26","startHours":4.422551116872288,"endHours":5.428374941632576,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:28","end":"14:17","startHours":13.474965539714876,"endHours":14.279624599523107,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:18","end":"17:42","startHours":17.298260838756025,"endHours":17.698260838756024,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:30","end":"18:00","startHours":17.498260838756025,"endHours":18.001172751136167,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"19:00","startHours":17.248260838756025,"endHours":18.998260838756025,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:04","end":"23:52","startHours":23.060988360290185,"endHours":23.865647420098416,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:26","end":"06:56","startHours":5.428374941632576,"endHours":6.937110678773007,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:56","end":"08:27","startHours":6.937110678773007,"endHours":8.445846415913438,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:27","end":"09:57","startHours":8.445846415913438,"endHours":9.95458215305387,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:57","end":"11:28","startHours":9.95458215305387,"endHours":11.4633178901943,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:28","end":"12:58","startHours":11.4633178901943,"endHours":12.97205362733473,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:58","end":"14:29","startHours":12.97205362733473,"endHours":14.480789364475163,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:29","end":"15:59","startHours":14.480789364475163,"endHours":15.989525101615595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:59","end":"17:30","startHours":15.989525101615595,"endHours":17.498260838756025,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:30","end":"18:59","startHours":17.498260838756025,"endHours":18.989525101615595,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:59","end":"20:29","startHours":18.989525101615595,"endHours":20.480789364475164,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:29","end":"21:58","startHours":20.480789364475164,"endHours":21.97205362733473,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:58","end":"23:28","startHours":21.97205362733473,"endHours":23.4633178901943,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:28","end":"00:57","startHours":23.4633178901943,"endHours":24.95458215305387,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:57","end":"02:27","startHours":24.95458215305387,"endHours":26.445846415913437,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:27","end":"03:56","startHours":26.445846415913437,"endHours":27.937110678773006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:56","end":"05:26","startHours":27.937110678773006,"endHours":29.428374941632576,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":5.428374941632576,"endHours":6.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.428374941632576,"endHours":7.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.428374941632576,"endHours":8.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.428374941632576,"endHours":9.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.428374941632576,"endHours":10.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.428374941632576,"endHours":11.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.428374941632576,"endHours":12.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.428374941632576,"endHours":13.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.428374941632576,"endHours":14.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.428374941632576,"endHours":15.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.428374941632576,"endHours":16.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.428374941632576,"endHours":17.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.428374941632576,"endHours":18.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.428374941632576,"endHours":19.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.428374941632576,"endHours":20.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.428374941632576,"endHours":21.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.428374941632576,"endHours":22.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.428374941632576,"endHours":23.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.428374941632576,"endHours":24.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.428374941632576,"endHours":25.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.428374941632576,"endHours":26.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.428374941632576,"endHours":27.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.428374941632576,"endHours":28.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.428374941632576,"endHours":29.428374941632576,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.9086874114575982,"eotMinutes":9.146526588342006,"ayanamsa":23.8632}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 25, 2000 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 25, 2000 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:26, sūryāsta 17:30.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-09-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-09-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-09-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-09-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-09-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T16:30:08.268Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T16:30:08.268Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T16:30:08.268Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}