{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2000-03-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-03-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-03-17","date_display":"March 17, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":3,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451620.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":333.0813,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":113.9547,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.8735,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8735},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":113.9547,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.2881},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":87.036},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":3,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451620.770833,"ahargana":1863155.2708,"kali_year":5101,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8559,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.90361499999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":112.307815,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.0027},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":1.7088150000000155,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":309.216915,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":12.035115000000019,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":310.566015,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":19.97781500000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":101.0676,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":281.0676,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":3,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451620.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":333.0813,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":113.9547,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.8735,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8735},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":113.9547,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.2881},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":87.036},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.003,"elongation":140.873},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.003,"opposition_distance":39.127}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:45","sunsetLocal":"17:47","solarNoonLocal":"11:46","dayLengthHours":12.04882987169426,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:34","moonsetLocal":"03:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:16","end":"11:46","startHours":10.260720289241927,"endHours":11.76682402320371,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:47","end":"16:17","startHours":14.779031491127276,"endHours":16.285135225089057,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:15","end":"08:45","startHours":7.248512821318363,"endHours":8.754616555280146,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:57","startHours":8.55380272408524,"endHours":8.95543038647505,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:15","end":"06:34","startHours":6.244443665343842,"endHours":6.565745795255689,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:22","end":"12:10","startHours":11.365196360813902,"endHours":12.168451685593519,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:08","end":"04:56","startHours":4.135898437797346,"endHours":4.9391537625769635,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:44","end":"05:45","startHours":4.738339931382059,"endHours":5.742409087356581,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:35","startHours":13.774962335152754,"endHours":14.57821765993237,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:35","end":"17:59","startHours":17.59123895905084,"endHours":17.99123895905084,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:47","end":"18:18","startHours":17.79123895905084,"endHours":18.2932735370381,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:32","end":"19:17","startHours":17.54123895905084,"endHours":19.29123895905084,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:22","end":"00:10","startHours":23.3651963608139,"endHours":24.16845168559352,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:45","end":"07:15","startHours":5.742409087356581,"endHours":7.248512821318363,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:15","end":"08:45","startHours":7.248512821318363,"endHours":8.754616555280146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:45","end":"10:16","startHours":8.754616555280146,"endHours":10.260720289241927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:16","end":"11:46","startHours":10.260720289241927,"endHours":11.76682402320371,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:46","end":"13:16","startHours":11.76682402320371,"endHours":13.272927757165494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:16","end":"14:47","startHours":13.272927757165494,"endHours":14.779031491127276,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:47","end":"16:17","startHours":14.779031491127276,"endHours":16.285135225089057,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:17","end":"17:47","startHours":16.285135225089057,"endHours":17.79123895905084,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:47","end":"19:17","startHours":17.79123895905084,"endHours":19.285135225089057,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:17","end":"20:47","startHours":19.285135225089057,"endHours":20.779031491127277,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:47","end":"22:16","startHours":20.779031491127277,"endHours":22.272927757165494,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:16","end":"23:46","startHours":22.272927757165494,"endHours":23.76682402320371,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:46","end":"01:16","startHours":23.76682402320371,"endHours":25.260720289241927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:16","end":"02:45","startHours":25.260720289241927,"endHours":26.754616555280144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:45","end":"04:15","startHours":26.754616555280144,"endHours":28.248512821318364,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:15","end":"05:45","startHours":28.248512821318364,"endHours":29.74240908735658,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":5.742409087356581,"endHours":6.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.742409087356581,"endHours":7.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.742409087356581,"endHours":8.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.742409087356581,"endHours":9.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.742409087356581,"endHours":10.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.742409087356581,"endHours":11.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.742409087356581,"endHours":12.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.742409087356581,"endHours":13.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.742409087356581,"endHours":14.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.742409087356581,"endHours":15.742409087356581,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.742409087356581,"endHours":16.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.74240908735658,"endHours":17.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.74240908735658,"endHours":18.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.74240908735658,"endHours":19.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.74240908735658,"endHours":20.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.74240908735658,"endHours":21.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.74240908735658,"endHours":22.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.74240908735658,"endHours":23.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.74240908735658,"endHours":24.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.74240908735658,"endHours":25.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.74240908735658,"endHours":26.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.74240908735658,"endHours":27.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.74240908735658,"endHours":28.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.74240908735658,"endHours":29.74240908735658,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-1.28826762223789,"eotMinutes":-9.063841392222612,"ayanamsa":23.8559}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 17, 2000 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 17, 2000 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:45, sūryāsta 17:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-03-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-03-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-03-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-03-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-03-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T02:02:38.625Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T02:02:38.625Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-05T02:02:38.625Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}