{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2000-02-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-02-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-02-01","date_display":"February 1, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451575.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863110.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.6364,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":236.1559,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":308.5194,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5194},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":236.1559,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.4892},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":163.7923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451575.770833,"ahargana":1863110.2708,"kali_year":5101,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8542,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.623235,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":238.21533499999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3053},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":327.725135,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":298.78033500000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":4.095235000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":255.01623499999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.731735000000015,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":103.4519,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4519,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451575.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863110.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.6364,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":236.1559,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":308.5194,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5194},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":236.1559,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.4892},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":163.7923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.305,"elongation":51.481},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.305,"opposition_distance":128.519}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-11,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.697,"opposition_distance":1.262}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:17","sunsetLocal":"17:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:51","dayLengthHours":11.131661776090354,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:11","moonsetLocal":"13:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:38","end":"16:01","startHours":14.626831245979183,"endHours":16.018288967990475,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:04","end":"10:27","startHours":9.061000357934006,"endHours":10.452458079945298,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:51","end":"13:14","startHours":11.843915801956594,"endHours":13.235373523967887,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:53","end":"09:15","startHours":8.875472661665832,"endHours":9.246528054202177,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:02","startHours":6.741904154581848,"endHours":7.038748468610923,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:13","startHours":11.47286040942025,"endHours":12.21497119449294,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:48","end":"05:32","startHours":4.793863343766036,"endHours":5.535974128838726,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:21","end":"06:17","startHours":5.350446432570553,"endHours":6.2780849139114165,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:42","end":"14:26","startHours":13.699192764638319,"endHours":14.441303549711009,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:13","end":"17:37","startHours":17.209746690001772,"endHours":17.60974669000177,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:25","end":"17:52","startHours":17.40974669000177,"endHours":17.873565930672203,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:10","end":"18:55","startHours":17.15974669000177,"endHours":18.90974669000177,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:13","startHours":23.47286040942025,"endHours":24.21497119449294,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:17","end":"07:40","startHours":6.2780849139114165,"endHours":7.669542635922711,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:40","end":"09:04","startHours":7.669542635922711,"endHours":9.061000357934006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:04","end":"10:27","startHours":9.061000357934006,"endHours":10.452458079945298,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:27","end":"11:51","startHours":10.452458079945298,"endHours":11.843915801956594,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:51","end":"13:14","startHours":11.843915801956594,"endHours":13.235373523967887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:14","end":"14:38","startHours":13.235373523967887,"endHours":14.626831245979183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:38","end":"16:01","startHours":14.626831245979183,"endHours":16.018288967990475,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:01","end":"17:25","startHours":16.018288967990475,"endHours":17.40974669000177,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:25","end":"19:01","startHours":17.40974669000177,"endHours":19.01828896799048,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:01","end":"20:38","startHours":19.01828896799048,"endHours":20.626831245979183,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:38","end":"22:14","startHours":20.626831245979183,"endHours":22.235373523967887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:14","end":"23:51","startHours":22.235373523967887,"endHours":23.843915801956594,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:51","end":"01:27","startHours":23.843915801956594,"endHours":25.452458079945302,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:27","end":"03:04","startHours":25.452458079945302,"endHours":27.061000357934006,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:04","end":"04:40","startHours":27.061000357934006,"endHours":28.66954263592271,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:40","end":"06:17","startHours":28.66954263592271,"endHours":30.278084913911417,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":6.2780849139114165,"endHours":7.2780849139114165,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.2780849139114165,"endHours":8.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.278084913911417,"endHours":9.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.278084913911417,"endHours":10.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.278084913911417,"endHours":11.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.278084913911417,"endHours":12.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.278084913911417,"endHours":13.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.278084913911417,"endHours":14.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.278084913911417,"endHours":15.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.278084913911417,"endHours":16.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.278084913911417,"endHours":17.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.278084913911417,"endHours":18.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.278084913911417,"endHours":19.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.278084913911417,"endHours":20.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.278084913911417,"endHours":21.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.278084913911417,"endHours":22.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.278084913911417,"endHours":23.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.278084913911417,"endHours":24.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.278084913911417,"endHours":25.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.278084913911417,"endHours":26.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.278084913911417,"endHours":27.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.278084913911417,"endHours":28.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.278084913911417,"endHours":29.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.278084913911417,"endHours":30.278084913911417,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.336784064770686,"eotMinutes":-13.689348117395623,"ayanamsa":23.8542}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"shattila-ekadashi","name":"Ṣaṭ-tilā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"षट्तिला एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Six uses of tila (sesame) on this Ekādaśī confer mokṣa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 1, 2000 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 1, 2000 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:17, sūryāsta 17:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-02-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-02-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-02-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-02-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2000-02-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:12:55.139Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:12:55.139Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T16:12:55.139Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}