{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1997-10-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-10-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-10-16","date_display":"October 16, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450737.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862272.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.1686,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.5347,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":179.3661,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3661},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":357.5347,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.868},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.7033},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450737.770833,"ahargana":1862272.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8221,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.895852,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.285052,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.2266},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":228.35805200000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":180.36495200000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":288.3705520000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":224.784352,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":352.566252,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":147.8532,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":327.8532,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450737.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862272.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.1686,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.5347,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":179.3661,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3661},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":357.5347,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.868},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.7033},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.227,"elongation":179.366},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.227,"opposition_distance":0.634}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:33","sunsetLocal":"17:11","solarNoonLocal":"11:22","dayLengthHours":11.627375894520725,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 37 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 22 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:59","moonsetLocal":"05:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:49","end":"14:16","startHours":12.818386493962073,"endHours":14.271808480777164,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:33","end":"07:00","startHours":5.551276559886619,"endHours":7.00469854670171,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"09:55","startHours":8.458120533516801,"endHours":9.911542520331892,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:16","end":"08:39","startHours":8.264330935274788,"endHours":8.651910131758813,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:21","startHours":6.035750555491649,"endHours":6.345813912678869,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"10:59","end":"11:45","startHours":10.977385310662958,"endHours":11.752543703631007,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:00","end":"04:47","startHours":4.000959773950523,"endHours":4.776118166918571,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:35","end":"05:33","startHours":4.582328568676559,"endHours":5.551276559886619,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:18","end":"14:05","startHours":13.302860489567102,"endHours":14.07801888253515,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:59","end":"17:23","startHours":16.978652454407346,"endHours":17.378652454407344,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:11","end":"17:40","startHours":17.178652454407345,"endHours":17.663126450012374,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:56","end":"18:41","startHours":16.928652454407345,"endHours":18.678652454407345,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"22:59","end":"23:45","startHours":22.97738531066296,"endHours":23.752543703631005,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:33","end":"07:00","startHours":5.551276559886619,"endHours":7.00469854670171,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:00","end":"08:27","startHours":7.00469854670171,"endHours":8.458120533516801,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:27","end":"09:55","startHours":8.458120533516801,"endHours":9.911542520331892,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:55","end":"11:22","startHours":9.911542520331892,"endHours":11.364964507146983,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:22","end":"12:49","startHours":11.364964507146983,"endHours":12.818386493962073,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:49","end":"14:16","startHours":12.818386493962073,"endHours":14.271808480777164,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:44","startHours":14.271808480777164,"endHours":15.725230467592255,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:44","end":"17:11","startHours":15.725230467592255,"endHours":17.178652454407345,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:11","end":"18:44","startHours":17.178652454407345,"endHours":18.725230467592255,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:44","end":"20:16","startHours":18.725230467592255,"endHours":20.271808480777164,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:16","end":"21:49","startHours":20.271808480777164,"endHours":21.818386493962073,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:49","end":"23:22","startHours":21.818386493962073,"endHours":23.364964507146983,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:22","end":"00:55","startHours":23.364964507146983,"endHours":24.911542520331892,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:55","end":"02:27","startHours":24.911542520331892,"endHours":26.4581205335168,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:27","end":"04:00","startHours":26.4581205335168,"endHours":28.00469854670171,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:00","end":"05:33","startHours":28.00469854670171,"endHours":29.55127655988662,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:33","end":"06:33","startHours":5.551276559886619,"endHours":6.551276559886619,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:33","end":"07:33","startHours":6.551276559886619,"endHours":7.551276559886619,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:33","end":"08:33","startHours":7.551276559886619,"endHours":8.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:33","end":"09:33","startHours":8.55127655988662,"endHours":9.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:33","end":"10:33","startHours":9.55127655988662,"endHours":10.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:33","end":"11:33","startHours":10.55127655988662,"endHours":11.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:33","end":"12:33","startHours":11.55127655988662,"endHours":12.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:33","end":"13:33","startHours":12.55127655988662,"endHours":13.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:33","end":"14:33","startHours":13.55127655988662,"endHours":14.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:33","end":"15:33","startHours":14.55127655988662,"endHours":15.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:33","end":"16:33","startHours":15.55127655988662,"endHours":16.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:33","end":"17:33","startHours":16.55127655988662,"endHours":17.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:33","end":"18:33","startHours":17.55127655988662,"endHours":18.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:33","end":"19:33","startHours":18.55127655988662,"endHours":19.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:33","end":"20:33","startHours":19.55127655988662,"endHours":20.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:33","end":"21:33","startHours":20.55127655988662,"endHours":21.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:33","end":"22:33","startHours":21.55127655988662,"endHours":22.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:33","end":"23:33","startHours":22.55127655988662,"endHours":23.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:33","end":"00:33","startHours":23.55127655988662,"endHours":24.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:33","end":"01:33","startHours":24.55127655988662,"endHours":25.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:33","end":"02:33","startHours":25.55127655988662,"endHours":26.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:33","end":"03:33","startHours":26.55127655988662,"endHours":27.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:33","end":"04:33","startHours":27.55127655988662,"endHours":28.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:33","end":"05:33","startHours":28.55127655988662,"endHours":29.55127655988662,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.835744243571899,"eotMinutes":15.04772957118102,"ayanamsa":23.8221}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"sharad-purnima","name":"Śarad Pūrṇimā / Kojāgarī Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"शरद पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Lakṣmī","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vṛndāvana. Lakṣmī wakes (\"ko jāgartti?\")","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Night-long jāgaraṇa; offering of pāyasa under moonlight","detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.29-33"]},{"id":"rasa-purnima","name":"Rāsa Pūrṇimā (Vraja Mahā-Rāsa)","name_sanskrit":"रास पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Gopīs","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vraja (Bhāgavata 10.29-33). Same as Śarad Pūrṇimā but emphasized in Vraja tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2},{"id":"valmiki-jayanti","name":"Mahārṣi Vālmīki Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"महर्षि वाल्मीकि जयन्ती","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Maharṣi Vālmīki (ādi-kavi)","significance":"Composer of Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa. Āśvina Pūrṇimā tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 16, 1997 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 16, 1997 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:33, sūryāsta 17:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-10-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-10-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-10-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-10-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-10-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T12:04:59.252Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T12:04:59.252Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T12:04:59.252Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}