{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1997-07-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-07-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-07-08","date_display":"July 8, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450637.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862172.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":81.7377,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":121.6361,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.8984,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8984},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":121.6361,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6361},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.3738},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450637.770833,"ahargana":1862172.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8183,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":82.11477300000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":119.050973,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.3505},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":165.07737299999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":95.87877300000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.929673,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":107.47597300000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":355.997273,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":153.1517,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":333.1517,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450637.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862172.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":81.7377,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":121.6361,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.8984,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8984},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":121.6361,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6361},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.3738},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.351,"elongation":39.898},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.351,"opposition_distance":140.102}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"04:58","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:42","dayLengthHours":13.454968494064868,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 27 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 32 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:43","moonsetLocal":"20:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:03","end":"16:44","startHours":15.05747504307707,"endHours":16.739346104835178,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:20","end":"10:01","startHours":8.329990796044635,"endHours":10.011861857802742,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.693732919560851,"endHours":13.37560398131896,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:06","end":"08:33","startHours":8.105741321143555,"endHours":8.554240270945716,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:32","end":"05:53","startHours":5.526872359781121,"endHours":5.885671519622851,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:15","end":"12:09","startHours":11.24523396975869,"endHours":12.142231869363016,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:10","end":"04:04","startHours":3.172252873319769,"endHours":4.069250772924094,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:51","end":"04:58","startHours":3.8450012980230124,"endHours":4.966248672528418,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:50","startHours":13.936227668571664,"endHours":14.833225568175989,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.221217166593288,"endHours":18.621217166593286,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:59","startHours":18.421217166593287,"endHours":18.98184085384599,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.171217166593287,"endHours":19.921217166593287,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:15","end":"00:09","startHours":23.24523396975869,"endHours":24.142231869363012,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"04:58","end":"06:39","startHours":4.966248672528418,"endHours":6.648119734286526,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:39","end":"08:20","startHours":6.648119734286526,"endHours":8.329990796044635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:20","end":"10:01","startHours":8.329990796044635,"endHours":10.011861857802742,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:01","end":"11:42","startHours":10.011861857802742,"endHours":11.693732919560851,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.693732919560851,"endHours":13.37560398131896,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:23","end":"15:03","startHours":13.37560398131896,"endHours":15.05747504307707,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:03","end":"16:44","startHours":15.05747504307707,"endHours":16.739346104835178,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:44","end":"18:25","startHours":16.739346104835178,"endHours":18.421217166593287,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:25","end":"19:44","startHours":18.421217166593287,"endHours":19.739346104835178,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:44","end":"21:03","startHours":19.739346104835178,"endHours":21.05747504307707,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:03","end":"22:23","startHours":21.05747504307707,"endHours":22.37560398131896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:23","end":"23:42","startHours":22.37560398131896,"endHours":23.69373291956085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:42","end":"01:01","startHours":23.69373291956085,"endHours":25.011861857802742,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:01","end":"02:20","startHours":25.011861857802742,"endHours":26.329990796044637,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:20","end":"03:39","startHours":26.329990796044637,"endHours":27.648119734286528,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:39","end":"04:58","startHours":27.648119734286528,"endHours":28.96624867252842,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":4.966248672528418,"endHours":5.966248672528418,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.966248672528418,"endHours":6.966248672528418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.966248672528418,"endHours":7.966248672528418,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.966248672528418,"endHours":8.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.966248672528419,"endHours":9.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.966248672528419,"endHours":10.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.966248672528419,"endHours":11.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.966248672528419,"endHours":12.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.966248672528419,"endHours":13.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.966248672528419,"endHours":14.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.966248672528419,"endHours":15.966248672528419,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.966248672528419,"endHours":16.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.96624867252842,"endHours":17.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.96624867252842,"endHours":18.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.96624867252842,"endHours":19.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.96624867252842,"endHours":20.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.96624867252842,"endHours":21.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.96624867252842,"endHours":22.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.96624867252842,"endHours":23.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.96624867252842,"endHours":24.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.96624867252842,"endHours":25.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.96624867252842,"endHours":26.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.96624867252842,"endHours":27.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.96624867252842,"endHours":28.96624867252842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":22.485696338369387,"eotMinutes":-4.678375173651213,"ayanamsa":23.8183}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"angarika-chaturthi","name":"Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī)","name_sanskrit":"अङ्गारक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa + Maṅgala","significance":"Tuesday-Caturthī (rare); supremely auspicious for Maṅgala-doṣa-nivāraṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":4,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"},{"tithi_number":19,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}]},"precedence":3},{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 8, 1997 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 8, 1997 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 04:58, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-07-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-07-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-07-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-07-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-07-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T20:19:53.055Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T20:19:53.055Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T20:19:53.055Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}