{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1997-03-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-03-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-03-24","date_display":"March 24, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450531.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862066.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":339.8109,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":158.377,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":178.5661,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5661},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":158.377,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7103},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":138.1879},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450531.770833,"ahargana":1862066.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8142,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":339.627323,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":157.89462300000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.0307},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":150.303223,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":351.691423,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.772423,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":337.260423,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":345.571323,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":158.7681,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":338.7681,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450531.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862066.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":339.8109,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":158.377,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":178.5661,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5661},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":158.377,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7103},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":138.1879},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.031,"elongation":178.566},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.031,"opposition_distance":1.434}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-15,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.134,"elongation":0.078},{"offset_days":0,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.031,"opposition_distance":1.434}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:38","sunsetLocal":"17:50","solarNoonLocal":"11:44","dayLengthHours":12.196283617428945,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 11 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 48 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:36","moonsetLocal":"05:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:09","end":"08:41","startHours":7.157121813338565,"endHours":8.681657265517183,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:12","end":"11:44","startHours":10.2061927176958,"endHours":11.730728169874418,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:15","end":"14:47","startHours":13.255263622053036,"endHours":14.779799074231654,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:29","end":"08:53","startHours":8.478385871893366,"endHours":8.884928659140998,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:08","end":"06:28","startHours":6.140764845219485,"endHours":6.46599907501759,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:19","end":"12:08","startHours":11.324185382626787,"endHours":12.137270957122052,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:00","end":"04:49","startHours":4.00641521216942,"endHours":4.819500786664683,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:37","end":"05:38","startHours":4.616229393040868,"endHours":5.632586361159946,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:35","startHours":13.763442106112576,"endHours":14.576527680607839,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:38","end":"18:02","startHours":17.62886997858889,"endHours":18.02886997858889,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:50","end":"18:20","startHours":17.82886997858889,"endHours":18.33704846264843,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:35","end":"19:20","startHours":17.57886997858889,"endHours":19.32886997858889,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:19","end":"00:08","startHours":23.324185382626787,"endHours":24.13727095712205,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:38","end":"07:09","startHours":5.632586361159946,"endHours":7.157121813338565,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:09","end":"08:41","startHours":7.157121813338565,"endHours":8.681657265517183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:41","end":"10:12","startHours":8.681657265517183,"endHours":10.2061927176958,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:12","end":"11:44","startHours":10.2061927176958,"endHours":11.730728169874418,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:44","end":"13:15","startHours":11.730728169874418,"endHours":13.255263622053036,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:15","end":"14:47","startHours":13.255263622053036,"endHours":14.779799074231654,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:47","end":"16:18","startHours":14.779799074231654,"endHours":16.304334526410273,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:18","end":"17:50","startHours":16.304334526410273,"endHours":17.82886997858889,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:50","end":"19:18","startHours":17.82886997858889,"endHours":19.304334526410273,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:18","end":"20:47","startHours":19.304334526410273,"endHours":20.779799074231654,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:47","end":"22:15","startHours":20.779799074231654,"endHours":22.255263622053036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:15","end":"23:44","startHours":22.255263622053036,"endHours":23.730728169874418,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:44","end":"01:12","startHours":23.730728169874418,"endHours":25.2061927176958,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:12","end":"02:41","startHours":25.2061927176958,"endHours":26.68165726551718,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:41","end":"04:09","startHours":26.68165726551718,"endHours":28.157121813338563,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:09","end":"05:38","startHours":28.157121813338563,"endHours":29.632586361159944,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":5.632586361159946,"endHours":6.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.632586361159946,"endHours":7.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.632586361159946,"endHours":8.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.632586361159946,"endHours":9.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.632586361159946,"endHours":10.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.632586361159946,"endHours":11.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.632586361159946,"endHours":12.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.632586361159946,"endHours":13.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.632586361159946,"endHours":14.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.632586361159946,"endHours":15.632586361159946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.632586361159946,"endHours":16.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.632586361159944,"endHours":17.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.632586361159944,"endHours":18.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.632586361159944,"endHours":19.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.632586361159944,"endHours":20.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.632586361159944,"endHours":21.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.632586361159944,"endHours":22.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.632586361159944,"endHours":23.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.632586361159944,"endHours":24.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.632586361159944,"endHours":25.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.632586361159944,"endHours":26.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.632586361159944,"endHours":27.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.632586361159944,"endHours":28.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.632586361159944,"endHours":29.632586361159944,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":1.3681124768270485,"eotMinutes":-6.898090192465199,"ayanamsa":23.8142}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"holi","name":"Holi (Phālguna Pūrṇimā)","name_sanskrit":"होली","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Festival of colors; Holikā-dahana eve.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":1},{"id":"lakshmi-jayanti","name":"Lakṣmī Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"लक्ष्मी जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Mahā-Lakṣmī","significance":"Birth of Mahā-Lakṣmī from samudra-mathana (Phālguna Pūrṇimā tradition).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.8"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 24, 1997 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 24, 1997 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:38, sūryāsta 17:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-03-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-03-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-03-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-03-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1997-03-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T19:06:39.787Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T19:06:39.787Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T19:06:39.787Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}