{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1991-01-27:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1991-01-27","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1991-01-27","date_display":"January 27, 1991 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1991,"month":1,"day":27,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448283.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859818.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":282.8585,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.9975,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":138.1391,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.1391},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":60.9975,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6642},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":343.856},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1991,"month":1,"day":27,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448283.770833,"ahargana":1859818.2708,"kali_year":5092,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7283,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":282.8575129999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":58.602712999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.6989},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":37.92911300000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":261.985813,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":105.007113,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":303.70671300000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":274.840513,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":277.8779,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":97.8779,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1991,"month":1,"day":27,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448283.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859818.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":282.8585,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.9975,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":138.1391,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.1391},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":60.9975,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6642},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":343.856},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.699,"elongation":138.139},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.699,"opposition_distance":41.861}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-11,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.479,"elongation":0.76},{"offset_days":3,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.52,"opposition_distance":1.567}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:18","sunsetLocal":"17:21","solarNoonLocal":"11:50","dayLengthHours":11.053041203465469,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 03 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 56 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:09","moonsetLocal":"03:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:58","end":"17:21","startHours":15.973397209747539,"endHours":17.35502736018072,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:50","end":"13:13","startHours":11.828506758447986,"endHours":13.210136908881172,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:36","end":"15:58","startHours":14.591767059314353,"endHours":15.973397209747539,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:53","end":"09:15","startHours":8.881029104190528,"endHours":9.249463810972712,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:46","end":"07:03","startHours":6.762529540192981,"endHours":7.057277305618727,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:12","startHours":11.460072051665804,"endHours":12.196941465230168,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:50","end":"05:34","startHours":4.828247329586524,"endHours":5.565116743150888,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:23","end":"06:18","startHours":5.380899389759797,"endHours":6.301986156715253,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:40","end":"14:24","startHours":13.670680292358899,"endHours":14.407549705923264,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:09","end":"17:33","startHours":17.15502736018072,"endHours":17.55502736018072,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:21","end":"17:49","startHours":17.35502736018072,"endHours":17.815570743658448,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:06","end":"18:51","startHours":17.10502736018072,"endHours":18.85502736018072,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:12","startHours":23.460072051665804,"endHours":24.196941465230168,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:18","end":"07:41","startHours":6.301986156715253,"endHours":7.683616307148436,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:41","end":"09:04","startHours":7.683616307148436,"endHours":9.065246457581619,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:04","end":"10:27","startHours":9.065246457581619,"endHours":10.446876608014804,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:27","end":"11:50","startHours":10.446876608014804,"endHours":11.828506758447986,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:50","end":"13:13","startHours":11.828506758447986,"endHours":13.210136908881172,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:13","end":"14:36","startHours":13.210136908881172,"endHours":14.591767059314353,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:36","end":"15:58","startHours":14.591767059314353,"endHours":15.973397209747539,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:58","end":"17:21","startHours":15.973397209747539,"endHours":17.35502736018072,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:21","end":"18:58","startHours":17.35502736018072,"endHours":18.97339720974754,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"18:58","end":"20:36","startHours":18.97339720974754,"endHours":20.591767059314353,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:36","end":"22:13","startHours":20.591767059314353,"endHours":22.210136908881168,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:13","end":"23:50","startHours":22.210136908881168,"endHours":23.828506758447986,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:50","end":"01:27","startHours":23.828506758447986,"endHours":25.446876608014804,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:27","end":"03:04","startHours":25.446876608014804,"endHours":27.06524645758162,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:04","end":"04:41","startHours":27.06524645758162,"endHours":28.683616307148434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:41","end":"06:18","startHours":28.683616307148434,"endHours":30.30198615671525,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.301986156715253,"endHours":7.301986156715253,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.301986156715253,"endHours":8.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.301986156715252,"endHours":9.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.301986156715252,"endHours":10.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.301986156715252,"endHours":11.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.301986156715252,"endHours":12.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.301986156715252,"endHours":13.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.301986156715252,"endHours":14.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.301986156715252,"endHours":15.301986156715252,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.301986156715252,"endHours":16.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.30198615671525,"endHours":17.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.30198615671525,"endHours":18.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.30198615671525,"endHours":19.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.30198615671525,"endHours":20.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.30198615671525,"endHours":21.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.30198615671525,"endHours":22.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.30198615671525,"endHours":23.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.30198615671525,"endHours":24.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.30198615671525,"endHours":25.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.30198615671525,"endHours":26.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.30198615671525,"endHours":27.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.30198615671525,"endHours":28.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.30198615671525,"endHours":29.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":29.30198615671525,"endHours":30.30198615671525,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-18.624543951205712,"eotMinutes":-12.76480550687915,"ayanamsa":23.7283}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2048,"vikram_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","saka_samvat":1913,"saka_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","bengali_samvat":1398,"malayalam_era":1167,"nanakshahi_year":522,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2048 Tāraṇa · Śaka 1913 Prajāpati"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 27, 1991 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 27, 1991 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:18, sūryāsta 17:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1991-01-27","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1991-01-27","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1991-01-27","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1991-01-27","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1991-01-27"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T11:05:00.395Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T11:05:00.395Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T11:05:00.395Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}