{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1990-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1990-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1990-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1990 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448103.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859638.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3639,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":208.5721,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":105.2083,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2083},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":208.5721,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5721},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":311.936},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1990,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448103.770833,"ahargana":1859638.2708,"kali_year":5092,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7214,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.87109099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":209.86069099999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4148},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":18.394190999999978,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":128.65259100000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":92.32259099999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":79.560991,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":266.923491,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":287.4152,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":107.4152,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448103.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859638.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3639,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":208.5721,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":105.2083,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2083},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":208.5721,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5721},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":311.936},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.415,"elongation":105.208},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.415,"opposition_distance":74.792}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-9,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.982,"elongation":0.451}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:07","sunsetLocal":"18:19","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.187301357833608,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:17","moonsetLocal":"00:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:01","end":"16:40","startHours":15.01377491466425,"endHours":16.66218758439345,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:25","end":"10:04","startHours":8.420124235747444,"endHours":10.068536905476646,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:43","end":"13:22","startHours":11.716949575205847,"endHours":13.365362244935048,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:12","end":"08:38","startHours":8.200335879783552,"endHours":8.639912591711338,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:40","end":"06:01","startHours":5.672769786198777,"endHours":6.024431155741007,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:17","end":"12:09","startHours":11.27737286327806,"endHours":12.156526287133634,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:22","end":"04:15","startHours":3.3649920485778955,"endHours":4.24414547243347,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:01","end":"05:07","startHours":4.0243571164695755,"endHours":5.123298896289043,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:48","startHours":13.91483313484478,"endHours":14.793986558700354,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:07","end":"18:31","startHours":18.11060025412265,"endHours":18.51060025412265,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:19","end":"18:52","startHours":18.31060025412265,"endHours":18.860071144032386,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:49","startHours":18.06060025412265,"endHours":19.81060025412265,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:17","end":"00:09","startHours":23.277372863278057,"endHours":24.156526287133634,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:07","end":"06:46","startHours":5.123298896289043,"endHours":6.771711566018244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:46","end":"08:25","startHours":6.771711566018244,"endHours":8.420124235747444,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:25","end":"10:04","startHours":8.420124235747444,"endHours":10.068536905476646,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.068536905476646,"endHours":11.716949575205847,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:43","end":"13:22","startHours":11.716949575205847,"endHours":13.365362244935048,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:22","end":"15:01","startHours":13.365362244935048,"endHours":15.01377491466425,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:01","end":"16:40","startHours":15.01377491466425,"endHours":16.66218758439345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:40","end":"18:19","startHours":16.66218758439345,"endHours":18.31060025412265,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:19","end":"19:40","startHours":18.31060025412265,"endHours":19.66218758439345,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:40","end":"21:01","startHours":19.66218758439345,"endHours":21.01377491466425,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:01","end":"22:22","startHours":21.01377491466425,"endHours":22.36536224493505,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:22","end":"23:43","startHours":22.36536224493505,"endHours":23.716949575205845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:43","end":"01:04","startHours":23.716949575205845,"endHours":25.06853690547665,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:04","end":"02:25","startHours":25.06853690547665,"endHours":26.420124235747444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:25","end":"03:46","startHours":26.420124235747444,"endHours":27.771711566018244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:46","end":"05:07","startHours":27.771711566018244,"endHours":29.123298896289043,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":5.123298896289043,"endHours":6.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.123298896289043,"endHours":7.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.123298896289043,"endHours":8.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.123298896289043,"endHours":9.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.123298896289043,"endHours":10.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.123298896289043,"endHours":11.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.123298896289043,"endHours":12.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.123298896289043,"endHours":13.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.123298896289043,"endHours":14.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.123298896289043,"endHours":15.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.123298896289043,"endHours":16.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.123298896289043,"endHours":17.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.123298896289043,"endHours":18.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.123298896289043,"endHours":19.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.123298896289043,"endHours":20.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.123298896289043,"endHours":21.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.123298896289043,"endHours":22.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.123298896289043,"endHours":23.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.123298896289043,"endHours":24.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.123298896289043,"endHours":25.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.123298896289043,"endHours":26.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.123298896289043,"endHours":27.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.123298896289043,"endHours":28.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.123298896289043,"endHours":29.123298896289043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.369936479959307,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.7214}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2047,"vikram_samvatsara":"Subhānu","saka_samvat":1912,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramoda","bengali_samvat":1397,"malayalam_era":1166,"nanakshahi_year":521,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2047 Subhānu · Śaka 1912 Pramoda"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1990 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1990 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 05:07, sūryāsta 18:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1990-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1990-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1990-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1990-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1990-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T01:58:02.057Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T01:58:02.057Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T01:58:02.057Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}