{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1981-08-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1981-08-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-08-28","date_display":"August 28, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444844.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856379.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.4337,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":112.4676,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":342.0339,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.0339},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":112.4676,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.801},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.9014},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444844.770833,"ahargana":1856379.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5967,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":131.061508,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":111.674508,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.9634},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":93.43870800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":147.186508,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":167.61260800000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":167.92120799999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":164.30900799999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":100.0927,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":280.0927,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444844.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856379.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.4337,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":112.4676,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":342.0339,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.0339},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":112.4676,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.801},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.9014},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.963,"elongation":17.966},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.963,"opposition_distance":162.034}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:18","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"11:38","dayLengthHours":12.672201431937092,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 40 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 19 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:50","moonsetLocal":"16:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:03","end":"11:38","startHours":10.045243633024265,"endHours":11.629268812016402,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:48","end":"16:23","startHours":14.797319170000675,"endHours":16.381344348992812,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:53","end":"08:28","startHours":6.877193275039992,"endHours":8.461218454032128,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:40","startHours":8.250015096833177,"endHours":8.67242181123108,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:49","end":"06:10","startHours":5.821176489045234,"endHours":6.159101860563556,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:12","end":"12:03","startHours":11.2068620976185,"endHours":12.051675526414305,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:36","end":"04:27","startHours":3.603541238456243,"endHours":4.448354667252049,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:14","end":"05:18","startHours":4.237151310053098,"endHours":5.2931680960478555,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:44","end":"14:35","startHours":13.741302384005916,"endHours":14.586115812801722,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.765369527984948,"endHours":18.165369527984947,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:30","startHours":17.965369527984947,"endHours":18.493377920982326,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.715369527984947,"endHours":19.465369527984947,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:12","end":"00:03","startHours":23.2068620976185,"endHours":24.051675526414304,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:18","end":"06:53","startHours":5.2931680960478555,"endHours":6.877193275039992,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"06:53","end":"08:28","startHours":6.877193275039992,"endHours":8.461218454032128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:28","end":"10:03","startHours":8.461218454032128,"endHours":10.045243633024265,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:03","end":"11:38","startHours":10.045243633024265,"endHours":11.629268812016402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:38","end":"13:13","startHours":11.629268812016402,"endHours":13.213293991008538,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:13","end":"14:48","startHours":13.213293991008538,"endHours":14.797319170000675,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:48","end":"16:23","startHours":14.797319170000675,"endHours":16.381344348992812,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:23","end":"17:58","startHours":16.381344348992812,"endHours":17.965369527984947,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:58","end":"19:23","startHours":17.965369527984947,"endHours":19.381344348992812,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:23","end":"20:48","startHours":19.381344348992812,"endHours":20.797319170000673,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:48","end":"22:13","startHours":20.797319170000673,"endHours":22.213293991008538,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:13","end":"23:38","startHours":22.213293991008538,"endHours":23.629268812016402,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:38","end":"01:03","startHours":23.629268812016402,"endHours":25.045243633024263,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:03","end":"02:28","startHours":25.045243633024263,"endHours":26.461218454032128,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:28","end":"03:53","startHours":26.461218454032128,"endHours":27.877193275039993,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:53","end":"05:18","startHours":27.877193275039993,"endHours":29.293168096047857,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":5.2931680960478555,"endHours":6.2931680960478555,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.2931680960478555,"endHours":7.2931680960478555,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.2931680960478555,"endHours":8.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.293168096047856,"endHours":9.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.293168096047856,"endHours":10.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.293168096047856,"endHours":11.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.293168096047856,"endHours":12.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.293168096047856,"endHours":13.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.293168096047856,"endHours":14.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.293168096047856,"endHours":15.293168096047856,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.293168096047856,"endHours":16.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.293168096047857,"endHours":17.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.293168096047857,"endHours":18.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.293168096047857,"endHours":19.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.293168096047857,"endHours":20.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.293168096047857,"endHours":21.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.293168096047857,"endHours":22.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.293168096047857,"endHours":23.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.293168096047857,"endHours":24.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.293168096047857,"endHours":25.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.293168096047857,"endHours":26.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.293168096047857,"endHours":27.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.293168096047857,"endHours":28.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.293168096047857,"endHours":29.293168096047857,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":9.801560193457851,"eotMinutes":-0.8105287209842176,"ayanamsa":23.5967}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 28, 1981 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 28, 1981 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:18, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1981-08-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1981-08-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1981-08-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1981-08-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1981-08-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T15:08:38.506Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T15:08:38.506Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T15:08:38.506Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}