{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1971-04-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1971-04-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-04-01","date_display":"April 1, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441042.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852577.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.4459,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":55.3029,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":67.857,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.857},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":55.3029,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.9696},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":42.7488},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":11,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441042.770833,"ahargana":1852577.2708,"kali_year":5072,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4513,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.212173,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":57.864972999999964,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1178},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":258.6197729999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":6.51187299999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":223.63197300000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":309.889773,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":27.163572999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":301.541,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":121.541,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441042.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852577.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.4459,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":55.3029,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":67.857,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.857},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":55.3029,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.9696},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":42.7488},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":11,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.118,"elongation":67.857},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.118,"opposition_distance":112.143}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:31","sunsetLocal":"17:52","solarNoonLocal":"11:41","dayLengthHours":12.355376248696695,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:40","moonsetLocal":"23:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:14","end":"14:47","startHours":13.232586966106277,"endHours":14.777008997193365,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:31","end":"07:03","startHours":5.510476810670843,"endHours":7.05489884175793,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:36","end":"10:09","startHours":8.599320872845016,"endHours":10.143742903932104,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:24","end":"08:48","startHours":8.393397935366739,"endHours":8.805243810323296,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:21","startHours":6.025284154366538,"endHours":6.354760854331784,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:17","end":"12:06","startHours":11.276319060062635,"endHours":12.100010809975748,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:52","end":"04:41","startHours":3.863093310844617,"endHours":4.68678506075773,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:29","end":"05:31","startHours":4.480862123279452,"endHours":5.510476810670843,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:45","end":"14:34","startHours":13.747394309801972,"endHours":14.571086059715086,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:40","end":"18:04","startHours":17.66585305936754,"endHours":18.065853059367537,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:52","end":"18:23","startHours":17.865853059367538,"endHours":18.380660403063235,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:37","end":"19:22","startHours":17.615853059367538,"endHours":19.365853059367538,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:17","end":"00:06","startHours":23.276319060062637,"endHours":24.100010809975746,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:31","end":"07:03","startHours":5.510476810670843,"endHours":7.05489884175793,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:03","end":"08:36","startHours":7.05489884175793,"endHours":8.599320872845016,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:36","end":"10:09","startHours":8.599320872845016,"endHours":10.143742903932104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:09","end":"11:41","startHours":10.143742903932104,"endHours":11.688164935019191,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:41","end":"13:14","startHours":11.688164935019191,"endHours":13.232586966106277,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:14","end":"14:47","startHours":13.232586966106277,"endHours":14.777008997193365,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:47","end":"16:19","startHours":14.777008997193365,"endHours":16.32143102828045,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:19","end":"17:52","startHours":16.32143102828045,"endHours":17.865853059367538,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:52","end":"19:19","startHours":17.865853059367538,"endHours":19.32143102828045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:19","end":"20:47","startHours":19.32143102828045,"endHours":20.777008997193363,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:47","end":"22:14","startHours":20.777008997193363,"endHours":22.232586966106275,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:14","end":"23:41","startHours":22.232586966106275,"endHours":23.68816493501919,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:41","end":"01:09","startHours":23.68816493501919,"endHours":25.143742903932104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:09","end":"02:36","startHours":25.143742903932104,"endHours":26.599320872845016,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:36","end":"04:03","startHours":26.599320872845016,"endHours":28.054898841757932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:03","end":"05:31","startHours":28.054898841757932,"endHours":29.510476810670845,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.510476810670843,"endHours":6.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.510476810670843,"endHours":7.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.510476810670843,"endHours":8.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.510476810670843,"endHours":9.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.510476810670843,"endHours":10.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.510476810670843,"endHours":11.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.510476810670843,"endHours":12.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.510476810670843,"endHours":13.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.510476810670843,"endHours":14.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.510476810670843,"endHours":15.510476810670843,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.510476810670843,"endHours":16.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.510476810670845,"endHours":17.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.510476810670845,"endHours":18.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.510476810670845,"endHours":19.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.510476810670845,"endHours":20.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.510476810670845,"endHours":21.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.510476810670845,"endHours":22.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.510476810670845,"endHours":23.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.510476810670845,"endHours":24.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.510476810670845,"endHours":25.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.510476810670845,"endHours":26.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.510476810670845,"endHours":27.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.510476810670845,"endHours":28.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.510476810670845,"endHours":29.510476810670845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.220583223114345,"eotMinutes":-4.344296101151456,"ayanamsa":23.4513}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"yamuna-jayanti","name":"Yamunā Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"यमुना जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Yamunā Devī (Krishna's playmate)","significance":"Manifestation of Yamunā Devī; Vraja-bhakti-pravāhinī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":6,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 1, 1971 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 1, 1971 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:31, sūryāsta 17:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1971-04-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1971-04-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1971-04-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1971-04-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1971-04-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T05:58:05.639Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T05:58:05.639Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T05:58:05.639Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}