{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1963-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1963-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1963-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 1963 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1963,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438273.770833,"kali_year":5065,"ahargana":1849808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.9556,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.5939,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":144.6383,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6383},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.5939,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9272},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":52.5495},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1963,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438273.770833,"ahargana":1849808.2708,"kali_year":5065,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.3454,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.553769,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.04216900000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8067},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":179.714969,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":160.84866899999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":355.984869,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":135.63536899999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":295.75996899999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":88.2559,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":268.2559,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1963,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2438273.770833,"kali_year":5065,"ahargana":1849808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.9556,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.5939,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":144.6383,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6383},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.5939,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9272},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":52.5495},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.807,"elongation":144.638},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.807,"opposition_distance":35.362}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:18","sunsetLocal":"17:55","solarNoonLocal":"11:36","dayLengthHours":12.60347397220469,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 36 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 23 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:46","moonsetLocal":"02:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:20","end":"17:55","startHours":16.334129109392205,"endHours":17.90956335591779,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:36","end":"13:11","startHours":11.607826369815445,"endHours":13.18326061634103,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:46","end":"16:20","startHours":14.758694862866616,"endHours":16.334129109392205,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:40","startHours":8.246899977227528,"endHours":8.667015776301017,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:50","end":"06:10","startHours":5.831234132554962,"endHours":6.167326771813753,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:11","end":"12:02","startHours":11.187710570741956,"endHours":12.027942168888934,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:28","startHours":3.625626187419141,"endHours":4.46585778556612,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:15","end":"05:18","startHours":4.255799886029376,"endHours":5.3060893837131,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:43","end":"14:33","startHours":13.708405365182895,"endHours":14.548636963329875,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:43","end":"18:07","startHours":17.70956335591779,"endHours":18.10956335591779,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:55","end":"18:26","startHours":17.90956335591779,"endHours":18.43470810475965,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:40","end":"19:25","startHours":17.65956335591779,"endHours":19.40956335591779,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:11","end":"00:02","startHours":23.187710570741956,"endHours":24.027942168888934,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:18","end":"06:53","startHours":5.3060893837131,"endHours":6.881523630238686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"06:53","end":"08:27","startHours":6.881523630238686,"endHours":8.456957876764271,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:27","end":"10:02","startHours":8.456957876764271,"endHours":10.032392123289858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:02","end":"11:36","startHours":10.032392123289858,"endHours":11.607826369815445,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:36","end":"13:11","startHours":11.607826369815445,"endHours":13.18326061634103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:11","end":"14:46","startHours":13.18326061634103,"endHours":14.758694862866616,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:46","end":"16:20","startHours":14.758694862866616,"endHours":16.334129109392205,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:20","end":"17:55","startHours":16.334129109392205,"endHours":17.90956335591779,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:55","end":"19:20","startHours":17.90956335591779,"endHours":19.334129109392205,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:20","end":"20:46","startHours":19.334129109392205,"endHours":20.75869486286662,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:46","end":"22:11","startHours":20.75869486286662,"endHours":22.18326061634103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:11","end":"23:36","startHours":22.18326061634103,"endHours":23.607826369815445,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:36","end":"01:02","startHours":23.607826369815445,"endHours":25.03239212328986,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:02","end":"02:27","startHours":25.03239212328986,"endHours":26.45695787676427,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:27","end":"03:53","startHours":26.45695787676427,"endHours":27.881523630238686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:53","end":"05:18","startHours":27.881523630238686,"endHours":29.3060893837131,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":5.3060893837131,"endHours":6.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.3060893837131,"endHours":7.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.3060893837131,"endHours":8.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.3060893837131,"endHours":9.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.3060893837131,"endHours":10.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.3060893837131,"endHours":11.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.3060893837131,"endHours":12.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.3060893837131,"endHours":13.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.3060893837131,"endHours":14.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.3060893837131,"endHours":15.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.3060893837131,"endHours":16.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.3060893837131,"endHours":17.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.3060893837131,"endHours":18.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.3060893837131,"endHours":19.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.3060893837131,"endHours":20.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.3060893837131,"endHours":21.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.3060893837131,"endHours":22.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.3060893837131,"endHours":23.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.3060893837131,"endHours":24.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.3060893837131,"endHours":25.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.3060893837131,"endHours":26.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.3060893837131,"endHours":27.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.3060893837131,"endHours":28.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.3060893837131,"endHours":29.3060893837131,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":8.606177433154874,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":23.3454}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2020,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1885,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1370,"malayalam_era":1139,"nanakshahi_year":494,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2020 Nala · Śaka 1885 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 1963 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 1963 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:18, sūryāsta 17:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1963-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1963-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1963-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1963-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1963-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:55:05.029Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:55:05.029Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T17:55:05.029Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}