{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1944-07-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1944-07-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1944-07-01","date_display":"July 1, 1944 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1944,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431272.770833,"kali_year":5046,"ahargana":1842807.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.7882,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":192.8525,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":117.0643,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.0643},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":192.8525,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1858},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":268.6406},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1944,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431272.770833,"ahargana":1842807.2708,"kali_year":5046,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0777,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.99485900000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.992259,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4909},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":121.02565900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":76.15785900000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":122.834159,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":77.85755900000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":68.61555900000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":99.2026,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":279.2026,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1944,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2431272.770833,"kali_year":5046,"ahargana":1842807.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.7882,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":192.8525,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":117.0643,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.0643},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":192.8525,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1858},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":268.6406},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.491,"elongation":117.064},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.491,"opposition_distance":62.936}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.404,"elongation":0.739}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"04:55","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:40","dayLengthHours":13.498208760283603,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 29 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 30 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:44","moonsetLocal":"01:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:18","end":"09:59","startHours":8.299079230003613,"endHours":9.986355325039064,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:22","end":"15:03","startHours":13.360907515109965,"endHours":15.048183610145415,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"04:55","end":"06:37","startHours":4.9245270399327135,"endHours":6.611803134968164,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:04","end":"08:31","startHours":8.074109083998888,"endHours":8.52404937600834,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:29","end":"05:51","startHours":5.48695240494453,"endHours":5.846904638552092,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:13","end":"12:07","startHours":11.223691128065061,"endHours":12.123571712083967,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:07","end":"04:01","startHours":3.1247658718948994,"endHours":4.024646455913807,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:48","end":"04:55","startHours":3.7996763099090796,"endHours":4.9245270399327135,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:49","startHours":13.923332880121784,"endHours":14.823213464140691,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.222735800216316,"endHours":18.622735800216315,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:59","startHours":18.422735800216316,"endHours":18.98516116522813,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.172735800216316,"endHours":19.922735800216316,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:13","end":"00:07","startHours":23.22369112806506,"endHours":24.12357171208397,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:55","end":"06:37","startHours":4.9245270399327135,"endHours":6.611803134968164,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:37","end":"08:18","startHours":6.611803134968164,"endHours":8.299079230003613,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:18","end":"09:59","startHours":8.299079230003613,"endHours":9.986355325039064,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:59","end":"11:40","startHours":9.986355325039064,"endHours":11.673631420074514,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:40","end":"13:22","startHours":11.673631420074514,"endHours":13.360907515109965,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:22","end":"15:03","startHours":13.360907515109965,"endHours":15.048183610145415,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:03","end":"16:44","startHours":15.048183610145415,"endHours":16.735459705180865,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:25","startHours":16.735459705180865,"endHours":18.422735800216316,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:25","end":"19:44","startHours":18.422735800216316,"endHours":19.735459705180865,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:44","end":"21:03","startHours":19.735459705180865,"endHours":21.048183610145415,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:03","end":"22:22","startHours":21.048183610145415,"endHours":22.360907515109965,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:22","end":"23:40","startHours":22.360907515109965,"endHours":23.673631420074514,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:40","end":"00:59","startHours":23.673631420074514,"endHours":24.986355325039064,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:59","end":"02:18","startHours":24.986355325039064,"endHours":26.299079230003613,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:18","end":"03:37","startHours":26.299079230003613,"endHours":27.611803134968163,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:37","end":"04:55","startHours":27.611803134968163,"endHours":28.924527039932713,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:55","end":"05:55","startHours":4.9245270399327135,"endHours":5.9245270399327135,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:55","end":"06:55","startHours":5.9245270399327135,"endHours":6.9245270399327135,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:55","end":"07:55","startHours":6.9245270399327135,"endHours":7.9245270399327135,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:55","end":"08:55","startHours":7.9245270399327135,"endHours":8.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:55","end":"09:55","startHours":8.924527039932713,"endHours":9.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:55","end":"10:55","startHours":9.924527039932713,"endHours":10.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:55","end":"11:55","startHours":10.924527039932713,"endHours":11.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:55","end":"12:55","startHours":11.924527039932713,"endHours":12.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:55","end":"13:55","startHours":12.924527039932713,"endHours":13.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:55","end":"14:55","startHours":13.924527039932713,"endHours":14.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:55","end":"15:55","startHours":14.924527039932713,"endHours":15.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:55","end":"16:55","startHours":15.924527039932713,"endHours":16.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:55","end":"17:55","startHours":16.924527039932713,"endHours":17.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:55","end":"18:55","startHours":17.924527039932713,"endHours":18.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:55","end":"19:55","startHours":18.924527039932713,"endHours":19.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:55","end":"20:55","startHours":19.924527039932713,"endHours":20.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:55","end":"21:55","startHours":20.924527039932713,"endHours":21.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:55","end":"22:55","startHours":21.924527039932713,"endHours":22.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:55","end":"23:55","startHours":22.924527039932713,"endHours":23.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:55","end":"00:55","startHours":23.924527039932713,"endHours":24.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:55","end":"01:55","startHours":24.924527039932713,"endHours":25.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:55","end":"02:55","startHours":25.924527039932713,"endHours":26.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:55","end":"03:55","startHours":26.924527039932713,"endHours":27.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:55","end":"04:55","startHours":27.924527039932713,"endHours":28.924527039932713,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":23.1261325679144,"eotMinutes":-3.4722852044708983,"ayanamsa":23.0777}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2001,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1866,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1351,"malayalam_era":1120,"nanakshahi_year":475,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2001 Hemalambī · Śaka 1866 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 1, 1944 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 1, 1944 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 04:55, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1944-07-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1944-07-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1944-07-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1944-07-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1944-07-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-23T06:24:33.936Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-23T06:24:33.936Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-23T06:24:33.936Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}