{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1940-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1940-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1940-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 1940 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429750.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841285.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.6889,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.4909,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":286.802,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.802},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":304.4909,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.1575},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.1797},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1940,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429750.770833,"ahargana":1841285.2708,"kali_year":5042,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0195,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.492410000000007,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.60951,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.7009},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":57.03951000000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":357.47051,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":4.099510000000009,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":63.23820999999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":12.557410000000004,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":179.8455,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":359.8455,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429750.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841285.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":17.6889,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.4909,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":286.802,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.802},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":304.4909,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.1575},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.1797},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.701,"elongation":73.198},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.701,"opposition_distance":106.802}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-9,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.602,"opposition_distance":0.966}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:05","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"11:34","dayLengthHours":12.977504295980628,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:08","moonsetLocal":"12:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:34","end":"13:11","startHours":11.567126544517219,"endHours":13.189314581514799,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:42","end":"08:19","startHours":6.700562433524484,"endHours":8.322750470522063,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:57","end":"11:34","startHours":9.944938507519641,"endHours":11.567126544517219,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:06","end":"08:32","startHours":8.10645873225572,"endHours":8.539042208788405,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:37","end":"05:58","startHours":5.619103742192765,"endHours":5.965170523418915,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:08","end":"12:00","startHours":11.13454306798453,"endHours":11.999710021049907,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:21","end":"04:13","startHours":3.3480404903961554,"endHours":4.21320744346153,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:00","end":"05:05","startHours":3.9969157051951867,"endHours":5.078374396526906,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:44","end":"14:36","startHours":13.730043927180658,"endHours":14.595210880246032,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.855878692507535,"endHours":18.255878692507533,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:36","startHours":18.055878692507534,"endHours":18.596608038173393,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.805878692507534,"endHours":19.555878692507534,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:08","end":"00:00","startHours":23.13454306798453,"endHours":23.999710021049907,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:05","end":"06:42","startHours":5.078374396526906,"endHours":6.700562433524484,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:42","end":"08:19","startHours":6.700562433524484,"endHours":8.322750470522063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:19","end":"09:57","startHours":8.322750470522063,"endHours":9.944938507519641,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:57","end":"11:34","startHours":9.944938507519641,"endHours":11.567126544517219,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:34","end":"13:11","startHours":11.567126544517219,"endHours":13.189314581514799,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:11","end":"14:49","startHours":13.189314581514799,"endHours":14.811502618512376,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:49","end":"16:26","startHours":14.811502618512376,"endHours":16.433690655509956,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:26","end":"18:03","startHours":16.433690655509956,"endHours":18.055878692507534,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:03","end":"19:26","startHours":18.055878692507534,"endHours":19.433690655509956,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:26","end":"20:49","startHours":19.433690655509956,"endHours":20.811502618512378,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:49","end":"22:11","startHours":20.811502618512378,"endHours":22.1893145815148,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:11","end":"23:34","startHours":22.1893145815148,"endHours":23.56712654451722,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:34","end":"00:57","startHours":23.56712654451722,"endHours":24.94493850751964,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:57","end":"02:19","startHours":24.94493850751964,"endHours":26.322750470522063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:19","end":"03:42","startHours":26.322750470522063,"endHours":27.70056243352448,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:42","end":"05:05","startHours":27.70056243352448,"endHours":29.078374396526904,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":5.078374396526906,"endHours":6.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":6.078374396526906,"endHours":7.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.078374396526906,"endHours":8.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.078374396526906,"endHours":9.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.078374396526906,"endHours":10.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.078374396526906,"endHours":11.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.078374396526906,"endHours":12.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.078374396526906,"endHours":13.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.078374396526906,"endHours":14.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.078374396526906,"endHours":15.078374396526906,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.078374396526906,"endHours":16.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.078374396526904,"endHours":17.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.078374396526904,"endHours":18.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.078374396526904,"endHours":19.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.078374396526904,"endHours":20.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.078374396526904,"endHours":21.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.078374396526904,"endHours":22.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.078374396526904,"endHours":23.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.078374396526904,"endHours":24.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.078374396526904,"endHours":25.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.078374396526904,"endHours":26.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.078374396526904,"endHours":27.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.078374396526904,"endHours":28.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.078374396526904,"endHours":29.078374396526904,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.973332011581492,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":23.0195}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1997,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1862,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1347,"malayalam_era":1116,"nanakshahi_year":471,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 1997 Vijaya · Śaka 1862 Vikrama"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 1940 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 1940 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 05:05, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1940-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1940-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1940-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1940-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1940-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:10.820Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:10.820Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:10.820Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}