{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1919-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1919-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1919-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 1919 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1919,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2422018.770833,"kali_year":5020,"ahargana":1833553.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.024,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":297.3644,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":340.3404,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3404},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":297.3644,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0311},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":254.3885},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1919,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2422018.770833,"ahargana":1833553.2708,"kali_year":5020,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.7237,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.6826289999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":297.72812899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.167},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":333.93922899999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":322.271529,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":73.42472900000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":340.850829,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":121.47042899999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":229.524,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":49.524,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1919,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2422018.770833,"kali_year":5020,"ahargana":1833553.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":317.024,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":297.3644,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":340.3404,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3404},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":297.3644,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0311},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":254.3885},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.167,"elongation":19.66},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.167,"opposition_distance":160.34}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:00","sunsetLocal":"17:40","solarNoonLocal":"11:50","dayLengthHours":11.672192121157764,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 40 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 19 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:57","moonsetLocal":"16:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:55","end":"10:22","startHours":8.915097638995803,"endHours":10.374121654140524,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:18","end":"14:45","startHours":13.292169684429965,"endHours":14.751193699574685,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:00","end":"07:27","startHours":5.997049608706362,"endHours":7.456073623851083,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:43","end":"09:07","startHours":8.720561103643174,"endHours":9.109634174348432,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:48","startHours":6.483390947087936,"endHours":6.794649403652143,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:27","end":"12:13","startHours":11.444072598579986,"endHours":12.222218739990502,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:13","startHours":4.440757325885327,"endHours":5.218903467295845,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:01","end":"06:00","startHours":5.024366931943216,"endHours":5.997049608706362,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:47","end":"14:33","startHours":13.77851102281154,"endHours":14.556657164222058,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:28","end":"17:52","startHours":17.469241729864127,"endHours":17.869241729864125,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:40","end":"18:09","startHours":17.669241729864126,"endHours":18.1555830682457,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:25","end":"19:10","startHours":17.419241729864126,"endHours":19.169241729864126,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:27","end":"00:13","startHours":23.444072598579986,"endHours":24.222218739990502,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:00","end":"07:27","startHours":5.997049608706362,"endHours":7.456073623851083,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:27","end":"08:55","startHours":7.456073623851083,"endHours":8.915097638995803,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:55","end":"10:22","startHours":8.915097638995803,"endHours":10.374121654140524,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:22","end":"11:50","startHours":10.374121654140524,"endHours":11.833145669285244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:50","end":"13:18","startHours":11.833145669285244,"endHours":13.292169684429965,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:18","end":"14:45","startHours":13.292169684429965,"endHours":14.751193699574685,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:45","end":"16:13","startHours":14.751193699574685,"endHours":16.210217714719406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:13","end":"17:40","startHours":16.210217714719406,"endHours":17.669241729864126,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:40","end":"19:13","startHours":17.669241729864126,"endHours":19.210217714719406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:13","end":"20:45","startHours":19.210217714719406,"endHours":20.751193699574685,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:45","end":"22:18","startHours":20.751193699574685,"endHours":22.292169684429965,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:18","end":"23:50","startHours":22.292169684429965,"endHours":23.833145669285244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:50","end":"01:22","startHours":23.833145669285244,"endHours":25.374121654140524,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:22","end":"02:55","startHours":25.374121654140524,"endHours":26.915097638995803,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:55","end":"04:27","startHours":26.915097638995803,"endHours":28.456073623851083,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:27","end":"06:00","startHours":28.456073623851083,"endHours":29.997049608706362,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":5.997049608706362,"endHours":6.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":6.997049608706362,"endHours":7.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":7.997049608706362,"endHours":8.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":8.997049608706362,"endHours":9.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":9.997049608706362,"endHours":10.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":10.997049608706362,"endHours":11.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":11.997049608706362,"endHours":12.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":12.997049608706362,"endHours":13.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":13.997049608706362,"endHours":14.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":14.997049608706362,"endHours":15.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":15.997049608706362,"endHours":16.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":16.997049608706362,"endHours":17.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":17.997049608706362,"endHours":18.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":18.997049608706362,"endHours":19.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":19.997049608706362,"endHours":20.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":20.997049608706362,"endHours":21.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":21.997049608706362,"endHours":22.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":22.997049608706362,"endHours":23.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":23.997049608706362,"endHours":24.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":24.997049608706362,"endHours":25.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":25.997049608706362,"endHours":26.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":26.997049608706362,"endHours":27.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":27.997049608706362,"endHours":28.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":28.997049608706362,"endHours":29.997049608706362,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.041927720810266,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":22.7237}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1976,"vikram_samvatsara":"Aṅgirasa","saka_samvat":1841,"saka_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","bengali_samvat":1326,"malayalam_era":1095,"nanakshahi_year":450,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 1976 Aṅgirasa · Śaka 1841 Siddhārthī"},"festivals":[{"id":"maha-shivaratri","name":"Mahā Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"महा शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"The greatest night of Lord Śiva; cosmic dance of dissolution.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Strict fast + night-long vigil + 4-yāma pūjā","detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":1},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"maha-shivaratri-walk","name":"Mahā Śivarātri Walk","name_sanskrit":"महा शिवरात्रि यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Śiva-stuti through Bhāgavata + Mahābhārata Anuśāsana.","step_count":12,"url":"/walk/maha-shivaratri-walk"},"reason":"Today is Mahā Śivarātri — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 1919 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 1919 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:00, sūryāsta 17:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1919-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1919-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1919-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1919-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1919-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T10:45:51.611Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T10:45:51.611Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T10:45:51.611Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}