{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1908-11-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-11-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-11-28","date_display":"November 28, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418273.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":222.5484,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.3088,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.7604,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.7604},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":274.3088,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6421},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":136.8572},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418273.770833,"ahargana":1829808.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5805,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":222.84801599999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.25631599999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9962},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":190.324116,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":209.82901600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":141.435116,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":188.22531600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":342.067716,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":67.9522,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":247.9522,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418273.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829808.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":222.5484,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.3088,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":51.7604,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.7604},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":274.3088,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6421},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":136.8572},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.996,"elongation":51.76},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.996,"opposition_distance":128.24}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"16:52","solarNoonLocal":"11:26","dayLengthHours":10.891612029983978,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:29","moonsetLocal":"20:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:42","end":"10:04","startHours":8.70577922344308,"endHours":10.067230727191077,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:47","end":"14:09","startHours":12.790133734687071,"endHours":14.151585238435072,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:59","end":"07:21","startHours":5.982876215947086,"endHours":7.344327719695084,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:31","end":"08:53","startHours":8.52425235627668,"endHours":8.88730609060948,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:26","end":"06:44","startHours":6.436693383863085,"endHours":6.727136371329324,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:04","end":"11:48","startHours":11.065628496606276,"endHours":11.791735965271876,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:32","end":"05:15","startHours":4.530661278615889,"endHours":5.2567687472814875,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"05:59","startHours":5.075241880115088,"endHours":5.982876215947086,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:15","end":"13:58","startHours":13.243950902603071,"endHours":13.970058371268669,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:40","end":"17:04","startHours":16.674488245931066,"endHours":17.074488245931065,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:52","end":"17:20","startHours":16.874488245931065,"endHours":17.328305413847065,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:37","end":"18:22","startHours":16.624488245931065,"endHours":18.374488245931065,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:04","end":"23:48","startHours":23.065628496606276,"endHours":23.791735965271872,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:59","end":"07:21","startHours":5.982876215947086,"endHours":7.344327719695084,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:21","end":"08:42","startHours":7.344327719695084,"endHours":8.70577922344308,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:42","end":"10:04","startHours":8.70577922344308,"endHours":10.067230727191077,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:04","end":"11:26","startHours":10.067230727191077,"endHours":11.428682230939074,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:26","end":"12:47","startHours":11.428682230939074,"endHours":12.790133734687071,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:47","end":"14:09","startHours":12.790133734687071,"endHours":14.151585238435072,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:09","end":"15:31","startHours":14.151585238435072,"endHours":15.513036742183068,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:31","end":"16:52","startHours":15.513036742183068,"endHours":16.874488245931065,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"16:52","end":"18:31","startHours":16.874488245931065,"endHours":18.51303674218307,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:31","end":"20:09","startHours":18.51303674218307,"endHours":20.15158523843507,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:09","end":"21:47","startHours":20.15158523843507,"endHours":21.790133734687075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:47","end":"23:26","startHours":21.790133734687075,"endHours":23.428682230939074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:26","end":"01:04","startHours":23.428682230939074,"endHours":25.06723072719108,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:04","end":"02:42","startHours":25.06723072719108,"endHours":26.70577922344308,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:42","end":"04:21","startHours":26.70577922344308,"endHours":28.344327719695084,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:21","end":"05:59","startHours":28.344327719695084,"endHours":29.982876215947087,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.982876215947086,"endHours":6.982876215947086,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.982876215947086,"endHours":7.982876215947086,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.982876215947086,"endHours":8.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.982876215947087,"endHours":9.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.982876215947087,"endHours":10.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.982876215947087,"endHours":11.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.982876215947087,"endHours":12.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.982876215947087,"endHours":13.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.982876215947087,"endHours":14.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.982876215947087,"endHours":15.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.982876215947087,"endHours":16.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.982876215947087,"endHours":17.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.982876215947087,"endHours":18.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.982876215947087,"endHours":19.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.982876215947087,"endHours":20.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.982876215947087,"endHours":21.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.982876215947087,"endHours":22.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.982876215947087,"endHours":23.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.982876215947087,"endHours":24.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.982876215947087,"endHours":25.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.982876215947087,"endHours":26.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.982876215947087,"endHours":27.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.982876215947087,"endHours":28.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.982876215947087,"endHours":29.982876215947087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.20556198767135,"eotMinutes":11.224666143655435,"ayanamsa":22.5805}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 28, 1908 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 28, 1908 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 16:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-11-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-11-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-11-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-11-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-11-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T00:04:23.359Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T00:04:23.359Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T00:04:23.359Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}