{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1908-01-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-01-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-01-08","date_display":"January 8, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417948.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829483.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.851,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.3351,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.4841,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.4841},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":318.3351,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.6684},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":222.1861},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417948.770833,"ahargana":1829483.2708,"kali_year":5009,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5681,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.805933,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":321.42013299999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6002},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":336.49813300000005,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":261.208133,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":109.88483300000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":293.22093300000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":330.996933,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.1722,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.1722,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417948.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829483.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.851,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.3351,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.4841,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.4841},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":318.3351,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.6684},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":222.1861},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.6,"elongation":54.484},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.6,"opposition_distance":125.516}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.366,"elongation":0.969}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"17:08","solarNoonLocal":"11:44","dayLengthHours":10.812809798876408,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 46 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 14 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:42","moonsetLocal":"21:26","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:44","end":"13:05","startHours":11.727455893888788,"endHours":13.079057118748338,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:40","end":"09:01","startHours":7.672652219310135,"endHours":9.024253444169686,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:23","end":"11:44","startHours":10.375854669029238,"endHours":11.727455893888788,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:12","startHours":8.844039947521747,"endHours":9.204466940817627,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:46","end":"07:04","startHours":6.771584736070434,"endHours":7.059926330707138,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:22","end":"12:05","startHours":11.367028900592908,"endHours":12.087882887184668,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:53","end":"05:36","startHours":4.879343021267062,"endHours":5.6001970078588235,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:25","end":"06:19","startHours":5.419983511210883,"endHours":6.321050994450584,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:32","end":"14:15","startHours":13.52959086036819,"endHours":14.250444846959951,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:56","end":"17:20","startHours":16.933860793326993,"endHours":17.33386079332699,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:08","end":"17:35","startHours":17.133860793326992,"endHours":17.584394534946842,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:38","startHours":16.883860793326992,"endHours":18.633860793326992,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:22","end":"00:05","startHours":23.367028900592906,"endHours":24.08788288718467,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:19","end":"07:40","startHours":6.321050994450584,"endHours":7.672652219310135,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:40","end":"09:01","startHours":7.672652219310135,"endHours":9.024253444169686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:01","end":"10:23","startHours":9.024253444169686,"endHours":10.375854669029238,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:23","end":"11:44","startHours":10.375854669029238,"endHours":11.727455893888788,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:44","end":"13:05","startHours":11.727455893888788,"endHours":13.079057118748338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:05","end":"14:26","startHours":13.079057118748338,"endHours":14.43065834360789,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:26","end":"15:47","startHours":14.43065834360789,"endHours":15.782259568467442,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:47","end":"17:08","startHours":15.782259568467442,"endHours":17.133860793326992,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:08","end":"18:47","startHours":17.133860793326992,"endHours":18.782259568467442,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"18:47","end":"20:26","startHours":18.782259568467442,"endHours":20.430658343607888,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:26","end":"22:05","startHours":20.430658343607888,"endHours":22.079057118748338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:05","end":"23:44","startHours":22.079057118748338,"endHours":23.727455893888788,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:44","end":"01:23","startHours":23.727455893888788,"endHours":25.375854669029238,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:23","end":"03:01","startHours":25.375854669029238,"endHours":27.024253444169688,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:01","end":"04:40","startHours":27.024253444169688,"endHours":28.672652219310134,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:40","end":"06:19","startHours":28.672652219310134,"endHours":30.321050994450584,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.321050994450584,"endHours":7.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.321050994450584,"endHours":8.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.321050994450584,"endHours":9.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.321050994450584,"endHours":10.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.321050994450584,"endHours":11.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.321050994450584,"endHours":12.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.321050994450584,"endHours":13.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.321050994450584,"endHours":14.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.321050994450584,"endHours":15.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.321050994450584,"endHours":16.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.321050994450584,"endHours":17.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.321050994450584,"endHours":18.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.321050994450584,"endHours":19.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.321050994450584,"endHours":20.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.321050994450584,"endHours":21.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.321050994450584,"endHours":22.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.321050994450584,"endHours":23.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.321050994450584,"endHours":24.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.321050994450584,"endHours":25.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.321050994450584,"endHours":26.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.321050994450584,"endHours":27.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.321050994450584,"endHours":28.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.321050994450584,"endHours":29.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.321050994450584,"endHours":30.321050994450584,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.43289768075374,"eotMinutes":-6.7017536333273355,"ayanamsa":22.5681}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 8, 1908 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 8, 1908 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 17:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-01-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-01-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-01-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-01-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1908-01-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T12:52:46.504Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T12:52:46.504Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T12:52:46.504Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}