{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1903-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1903-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1903-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1903 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1903,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416115.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827650.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.9568,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.6938,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":25.737,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.737},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":282.6938,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6938},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":179.6506},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1903,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416115.770833,"ahargana":1827650.2708,"kali_year":5004,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.498,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.958267,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":280.36736700000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4259},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":163.862567,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":269.66576699999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":297.292367,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":266.25606700000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":276.54536699999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":182.2934,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":2.2934,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1903,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416115.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827650.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.9568,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.6938,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":25.737,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.737},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":282.6938,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6938},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":179.6506},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.426,"elongation":25.737},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.426,"opposition_distance":154.263}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:18","sunsetLocal":"17:04","solarNoonLocal":"11:41","dayLengthHours":10.769404602170788,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:46","moonsetLocal":"18:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:01","end":"14:22","startHours":13.02368854732795,"endHours":14.369864122599298,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:18","end":"07:38","startHours":6.292810670971207,"endHours":7.638986246242555,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:59","end":"10:20","startHours":8.985161821513904,"endHours":10.331337396785251,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:48","end":"09:10","startHours":8.805671744811058,"endHours":9.16465189821675,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:44","end":"07:02","startHours":6.741535862728323,"endHours":7.028719985452877,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:19","end":"12:02","startHours":11.318532818650908,"endHours":12.036493125462293,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:34","startHours":4.856890057348435,"endHours":5.574850364159821,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:24","end":"06:18","startHours":5.395360287456975,"endHours":6.292810670971207,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:28","end":"14:11","startHours":13.472413739085066,"endHours":14.190374045896453,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:52","end":"17:16","startHours":16.862215273141995,"endHours":17.262215273141994,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:04","end":"17:31","startHours":17.062215273141994,"endHours":17.51094046489911,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:49","end":"18:34","startHours":16.812215273141994,"endHours":18.562215273141994,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:19","end":"00:02","startHours":23.318532818650908,"endHours":24.036493125462293,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:18","end":"07:38","startHours":6.292810670971207,"endHours":7.638986246242555,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:38","end":"08:59","startHours":7.638986246242555,"endHours":8.985161821513904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:59","end":"10:20","startHours":8.985161821513904,"endHours":10.331337396785251,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:20","end":"11:41","startHours":10.331337396785251,"endHours":11.6775129720566,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:41","end":"13:01","startHours":11.6775129720566,"endHours":13.02368854732795,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:01","end":"14:22","startHours":13.02368854732795,"endHours":14.369864122599298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:22","end":"15:43","startHours":14.369864122599298,"endHours":15.716039697870645,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:43","end":"17:04","startHours":15.716039697870645,"endHours":17.062215273141994,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:04","end":"18:43","startHours":17.062215273141994,"endHours":18.716039697870645,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:43","end":"20:22","startHours":18.716039697870645,"endHours":20.369864122599296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:22","end":"22:01","startHours":20.369864122599296,"endHours":22.02368854732795,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:01","end":"23:41","startHours":22.02368854732795,"endHours":23.6775129720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:41","end":"01:20","startHours":23.6775129720566,"endHours":25.33133739678525,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:20","end":"02:59","startHours":25.33133739678525,"endHours":26.985161821513906,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:59","end":"04:38","startHours":26.985161821513906,"endHours":28.638986246242556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:38","end":"06:18","startHours":28.638986246242556,"endHours":30.292810670971207,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.292810670971207,"endHours":7.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.292810670971207,"endHours":8.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.292810670971207,"endHours":9.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.292810670971207,"endHours":10.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.292810670971207,"endHours":11.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.292810670971207,"endHours":12.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.292810670971207,"endHours":13.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.292810670971207,"endHours":14.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.292810670971207,"endHours":15.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.292810670971207,"endHours":16.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.292810670971207,"endHours":17.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.292810670971207,"endHours":18.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.292810670971207,"endHours":19.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.292810670971207,"endHours":20.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.292810670971207,"endHours":21.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.292810670971207,"endHours":22.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.292810670971207,"endHours":23.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.292810670971207,"endHours":24.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.292810670971207,"endHours":25.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.292810670971207,"endHours":26.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.292810670971207,"endHours":27.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.292810670971207,"endHours":28.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.292810670971207,"endHours":29.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":29.292810670971207,"endHours":30.292810670971207,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.099419115263093,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":22.498}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1960,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1825,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1310,"malayalam_era":1079,"nanakshahi_year":434,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 1960 Nala · Śaka 1825 Śobhana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1903 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1903 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:18, sūryāsta 17:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1903-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1903-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1903-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1903-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1903-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:09:59.541Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T11:09:59.541Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T11:09:59.541Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}