{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1902-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1902-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1902-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1902 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1902,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415770.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827305.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.766,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.1103,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.3443,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3443},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":60.1103,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.777},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":337.8763},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1902,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415770.770833,"ahargana":1827305.2708,"kali_year":5003,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4848,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.59534899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":57.599748999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.8628},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":293.88924900000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":291.140049,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":275.083849,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":311.88704899999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":268.8110489999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.5731,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.5731,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1902,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415770.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827305.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.766,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.1103,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.3443,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3443},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":60.1103,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.777},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":337.8763},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.863,"elongation":142.344},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.863,"opposition_distance":37.656}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"17:17","solarNoonLocal":"11:48","dayLengthHours":10.959487697826304,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 57 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 02 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:25","moonsetLocal":"03:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:33","end":"15:55","startHours":14.543227445275445,"endHours":15.913163407503735,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:04","end":"10:26","startHours":9.063483596362293,"endHours":10.433419558590582,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:48","end":"13:10","startHours":11.803355520818869,"endHours":13.173291483047159,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:53","end":"09:15","startHours":8.880825468065188,"endHours":9.246141724659399,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:47","end":"07:04","startHours":6.78025699264848,"endHours":7.072509997923849,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:26","end":"12:10","startHours":11.438039264224658,"endHours":12.16867177741308,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:52","end":"05:36","startHours":4.862346645528877,"endHours":5.592979158717297,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:25","end":"06:19","startHours":5.410321030420192,"endHours":6.323611671905717,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:38","end":"14:22","startHours":13.62993680378992,"endHours":14.36056931697834,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:05","end":"17:29","startHours":17.08309936973202,"endHours":17.48309936973202,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:17","end":"17:44","startHours":17.28309936973202,"endHours":17.739744690474783,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:02","end":"18:47","startHours":17.03309936973202,"endHours":18.78309936973202,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:26","end":"00:10","startHours":23.43803926422466,"endHours":24.168671777413078,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:19","end":"07:42","startHours":6.323611671905717,"endHours":7.693547634134005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:42","end":"09:04","startHours":7.693547634134005,"endHours":9.063483596362293,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:04","end":"10:26","startHours":9.063483596362293,"endHours":10.433419558590582,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:26","end":"11:48","startHours":10.433419558590582,"endHours":11.803355520818869,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:48","end":"13:10","startHours":11.803355520818869,"endHours":13.173291483047159,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:10","end":"14:33","startHours":13.173291483047159,"endHours":14.543227445275445,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:33","end":"15:55","startHours":14.543227445275445,"endHours":15.913163407503735,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:55","end":"17:17","startHours":15.913163407503735,"endHours":17.28309936973202,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:17","end":"18:55","startHours":17.28309936973202,"endHours":18.91316340750373,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:55","end":"20:33","startHours":18.91316340750373,"endHours":20.543227445275445,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:33","end":"22:10","startHours":20.543227445275445,"endHours":22.17329148304716,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:10","end":"23:48","startHours":22.17329148304716,"endHours":23.80335552081887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:48","end":"01:26","startHours":23.80335552081887,"endHours":25.43341955859058,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:26","end":"03:04","startHours":25.43341955859058,"endHours":27.063483596362293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:04","end":"04:42","startHours":27.063483596362293,"endHours":28.693547634134006,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:42","end":"06:19","startHours":28.693547634134006,"endHours":30.323611671905716,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.323611671905717,"endHours":7.323611671905717,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.323611671905717,"endHours":8.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.323611671905716,"endHours":9.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.323611671905716,"endHours":10.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.323611671905716,"endHours":11.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.323611671905716,"endHours":12.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.323611671905716,"endHours":13.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.323611671905716,"endHours":14.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.323611671905716,"endHours":15.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.323611671905716,"endHours":16.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.323611671905716,"endHours":17.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.323611671905716,"endHours":18.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.323611671905716,"endHours":19.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.323611671905716,"endHours":20.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.323611671905716,"endHours":21.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.323611671905716,"endHours":22.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.323611671905716,"endHours":23.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.323611671905716,"endHours":24.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.323611671905716,"endHours":25.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.323611671905716,"endHours":26.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.323611671905716,"endHours":27.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.323611671905716,"endHours":28.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.323611671905716,"endHours":29.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.323611671905716,"endHours":30.323611671905716,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.131009056825075,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":22.4848}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1959,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1824,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1309,"malayalam_era":1078,"nanakshahi_year":433,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1959 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1824 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1902 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1902 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 17:17.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1902-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1902-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1902-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1902-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1902-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T05:11:43.211Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T05:11:43.211Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T05:11:43.211Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}