{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:1899-08-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1899-08-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1899-08-22","date_display":"August 22, 1899 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1899,"month":8,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414888.770833,"kali_year":5001,"ahargana":1826423.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.8398,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":317.5409,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":191.701,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.701},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":317.5409,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8742},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":83.3807},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1899,"month":8,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414888.770833,"ahargana":1826423.2708,"kali_year":5001,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.451,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":126.24904800000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.2562479999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2344},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":169.09114799999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":122.93444799999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":193.37054799999999,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":120.791248,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":235.81174799999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":247.3057,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":67.3057,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1899,"month":8,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414888.770833,"kali_year":5001,"ahargana":1826423.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.8398,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":317.5409,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":191.701,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.701},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":317.5409,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8742},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":83.3807},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.234,"elongation":168.299},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.234,"opposition_distance":11.701}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:16","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"11:39","dayLengthHours":12.795822516111715,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 47 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 12 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:38","moonsetLocal":"06:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:51","end":"16:27","startHours":14.857004566758732,"endHours":16.456482381272696,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:28","end":"10:04","startHours":8.459093308702874,"endHours":10.05857112321684,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:39","end":"13:15","startHours":11.658048937730804,"endHours":13.257526752244768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:40","startHours":8.245829600101013,"endHours":8.672357017304737,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:48","end":"06:08","startHours":5.793296951179601,"endHours":6.13451888494258,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:14","end":"12:05","startHours":11.23152152052708,"endHours":12.084576354934528,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:33","end":"04:24","startHours":3.5540280108600504,"endHours":4.407082845267499,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:12","end":"05:16","startHours":4.1938191366656365,"endHours":5.260137679674946,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:47","end":"14:39","startHours":13.790686023749423,"endHours":14.643740858156871,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.85596019578666,"endHours":18.25596019578666,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:35","startHours":18.05596019578666,"endHours":18.589119467291315,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.80596019578666,"endHours":19.55596019578666,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:14","end":"00:05","startHours":23.23152152052708,"endHours":24.084576354934526,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:16","end":"06:52","startHours":5.260137679674946,"endHours":6.85961549418891,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:52","end":"08:28","startHours":6.85961549418891,"endHours":8.459093308702874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:28","end":"10:04","startHours":8.459093308702874,"endHours":10.05857112321684,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:04","end":"11:39","startHours":10.05857112321684,"endHours":11.658048937730804,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:39","end":"13:15","startHours":11.658048937730804,"endHours":13.257526752244768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:15","end":"14:51","startHours":13.257526752244768,"endHours":14.857004566758732,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:51","end":"16:27","startHours":14.857004566758732,"endHours":16.456482381272696,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:27","end":"18:03","startHours":16.456482381272696,"endHours":18.05596019578666,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:27","startHours":18.05596019578666,"endHours":19.456482381272696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:27","end":"20:51","startHours":19.456482381272696,"endHours":20.857004566758732,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:51","end":"22:15","startHours":20.857004566758732,"endHours":22.257526752244768,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:15","end":"23:39","startHours":22.257526752244768,"endHours":23.658048937730804,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:39","end":"01:04","startHours":23.658048937730804,"endHours":25.05857112321684,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:04","end":"02:28","startHours":25.05857112321684,"endHours":26.459093308702876,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:28","end":"03:52","startHours":26.459093308702876,"endHours":27.85961549418891,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:52","end":"05:16","startHours":27.85961549418891,"endHours":29.260137679674948,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":5.260137679674946,"endHours":6.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.260137679674946,"endHours":7.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.260137679674946,"endHours":8.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.260137679674946,"endHours":9.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.260137679674946,"endHours":10.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.260137679674946,"endHours":11.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.260137679674946,"endHours":12.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.260137679674946,"endHours":13.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.260137679674946,"endHours":14.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.260137679674946,"endHours":15.260137679674946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.260137679674946,"endHours":16.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.260137679674948,"endHours":17.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.260137679674948,"endHours":18.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.260137679674948,"endHours":19.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.260137679674948,"endHours":20.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.260137679674948,"endHours":21.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.260137679674948,"endHours":22.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.260137679674948,"endHours":23.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.260137679674948,"endHours":24.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.260137679674948,"endHours":25.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.260137679674948,"endHours":26.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.260137679674948,"endHours":27.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.260137679674948,"endHours":28.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.260137679674948,"endHours":29.260137679674948,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":11.924895145586373,"eotMinutes":-2.537336263848294,"ayanamsa":22.451}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1956,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1821,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1306,"malayalam_era":1075,"nanakshahi_year":430,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 1956 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1821 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"pitra-paksha-start","name":"Pitṛ-Pakṣa Start","name_sanskrit":"पितृ पक्ष आरम्भ","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Pitṛ-gaṇa","significance":"Begin 16-day śrāddha period for ancestors. Bhādrapada Pūrṇimā next-day.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":16,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 22, 1899 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 22, 1899 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:16, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1899-08-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1899-08-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1899-08-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1899-08-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/1899-08-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T00:51:56.810Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T00:51:56.810Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T00:51:56.810Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}