{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:haridwar:2028-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/2028-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462121.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873656.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.8973,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.0146,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":1.1173,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1173},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":241.0146,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0146},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":120.912},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462121.770833,"ahargana":1873656.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2575,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.34230000000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":239.70640000000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.8043},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":152.91240000000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":254.14689999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":178.51139999999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":216.46339999999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":10.506899999999973,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.6741,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.6741,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462121.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873656.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.8973,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.0146,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":1.1173,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1173},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":241.0146,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0146},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":120.912},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.804,"elongation":1.117},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.804,"opposition_distance":178.883}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"haridwar","name":"Haridwār","lat":29.9457,"lon":78.1642,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"haridwar","name":"Haridwār","lat":29.9457,"lon":78.1642,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:07","sunsetLocal":"17:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.225921392184524,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 13 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 46 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:06","moonsetLocal":"17:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:40","end":"10:57","startHours":9.670624371500992,"endHours":10.948864545524058,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:30","end":"14:47","startHours":13.50534489357019,"endHours":14.783585067593254,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:24","startHours":7.114144023454862,"endHours":8.392384197477927,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:50","startHours":9.500192348297917,"endHours":9.841056394704069,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:49","startHours":7.54022408146255,"endHours":7.8129153185874705,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:34","startHours":11.886240673140973,"endHours":12.567968765953276,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:45","end":"06:26","startHours":5.750687837830259,"endHours":6.43241593064256,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:16","end":"07:07","startHours":6.261983907439484,"endHours":7.114144023454862,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:37","startHours":13.931424951577878,"endHours":14.61315304439018,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:08","end":"17:32","startHours":17.140065415639388,"endHours":17.540065415639386,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:20","end":"17:46","startHours":17.340065415639387,"endHours":17.766145473647075,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:05","end":"18:50","startHours":17.090065415639387,"endHours":18.840065415639387,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:34","startHours":23.886240673140975,"endHours":24.567968765953275,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:24","startHours":7.114144023454862,"endHours":8.392384197477927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:24","end":"09:40","startHours":8.392384197477927,"endHours":9.670624371500992,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:40","end":"10:57","startHours":9.670624371500992,"endHours":10.948864545524058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:57","end":"12:14","startHours":10.948864545524058,"endHours":12.227104719547125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:14","end":"13:30","startHours":12.227104719547125,"endHours":13.50534489357019,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:30","end":"14:47","startHours":13.50534489357019,"endHours":14.783585067593254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:47","end":"16:04","startHours":14.783585067593254,"endHours":16.061825241616322,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:04","end":"17:20","startHours":16.061825241616322,"endHours":17.340065415639387,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:20","end":"19:04","startHours":17.340065415639387,"endHours":19.061825241616322,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:04","end":"20:47","startHours":19.061825241616322,"endHours":20.783585067593258,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:47","end":"22:30","startHours":20.783585067593258,"endHours":22.50534489357019,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:30","end":"00:14","startHours":22.50534489357019,"endHours":24.227104719547125,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:14","end":"01:57","startHours":24.227104719547125,"endHours":25.94886454552406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:57","end":"03:40","startHours":25.94886454552406,"endHours":27.670624371500992,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:40","end":"05:24","startHours":27.670624371500992,"endHours":29.392384197477927,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:24","end":"07:07","startHours":29.392384197477927,"endHours":31.114144023454863,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.114144023454862,"endHours":8.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.114144023454863,"endHours":9.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.114144023454863,"endHours":10.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.114144023454863,"endHours":11.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.114144023454863,"endHours":12.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.114144023454863,"endHours":13.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.114144023454863,"endHours":14.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.114144023454863,"endHours":15.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.114144023454863,"endHours":16.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.114144023454863,"endHours":17.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.114144023454863,"endHours":18.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.114144023454863,"endHours":19.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.114144023454863,"endHours":20.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.114144023454863,"endHours":21.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.114144023454863,"endHours":22.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.114144023454863,"endHours":23.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.114144023454863,"endHours":24.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.114144023454863,"endHours":25.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.114144023454863,"endHours":26.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.114144023454863,"endHours":27.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.114144023454863,"endHours":28.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.114144023454863,"endHours":29.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.114144023454863,"endHours":30.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":30.114144023454863,"endHours":31.114144023454863,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.326308246799957,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":24.2575}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Dhanu Saṅkrānti is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"haridwar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 2028 CE · Haridwār · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 2028 CE for Haridwār: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:07, sūryāsta 17:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/2028-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/2028-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/2028-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/2028-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/2028-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-23T23:43:48.235Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-23T23:43:48.235Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-23T23:43:48.235Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}