{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:haridwar:-0443-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/-0443-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0443-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 444 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559402.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970937.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2979,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1822,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.8843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.8843},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":95.1822,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8489},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.4801},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559402.770833,"ahargana":970937.2708,"kali_year":2659,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.2681,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2979,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1822,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9005},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":104.6944,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":72.1173,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":43.4955,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":56.5164,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":68.4552,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":215.0709,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":35.0709,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559402.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970937.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2979,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1822,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.8843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.8843},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":95.1822,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8489},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.4801},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.9,"elongation":16.884},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.9,"opposition_distance":163.116}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"haridwar","name":"Haridwār","lat":29.9457,"lon":78.1642,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"haridwar","name":"Haridwār","lat":29.9457,"lon":78.1642,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:18","sunsetLocal":"19:12","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":13.903986145560179,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 54 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 05 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:22","moonsetLocal":"20:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:28","end":"19:12","startHours":17.461388691949406,"endHours":19.199386960144427,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:15","end":"13:59","startHours":12.247393887364339,"endHours":13.98539215555936,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:28","startHours":15.723390423754381,"endHours":17.461388691949406,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:32","end":"09:00","startHours":8.539664248548291,"endHours":9.003130453400296,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:52","end":"06:15","startHours":5.874733570649257,"endHours":6.245506534530861,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:43","startHours":11.783927682512331,"endHours":12.710860092216343,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:26","end":"04:22","startHours":3.441535995176225,"endHours":4.368468404880237,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:08","end":"05:18","startHours":4.136735302454234,"endHours":5.295400814584249,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:29","startHours":14.564724911624367,"endHours":15.491657321328379,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:00","end":"19:24","startHours":18.999386960144427,"endHours":19.399386960144426,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:12","end":"19:47","startHours":19.199386960144427,"endHours":19.778719716209434,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:57","end":"20:42","startHours":18.949386960144427,"endHours":20.699386960144427,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:43","startHours":23.783927682512335,"endHours":24.710860092216343,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:18","end":"07:02","startHours":5.295400814584249,"endHours":7.033399082779271,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:02","end":"08:46","startHours":7.033399082779271,"endHours":8.771397350974294,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:46","end":"10:31","startHours":8.771397350974294,"endHours":10.509395619169315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:31","end":"12:15","startHours":10.509395619169315,"endHours":12.247393887364339,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:15","end":"13:59","startHours":12.247393887364339,"endHours":13.98539215555936,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:59","end":"15:43","startHours":13.98539215555936,"endHours":15.723390423754381,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:43","end":"17:28","startHours":15.723390423754381,"endHours":17.461388691949406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:28","end":"19:12","startHours":17.461388691949406,"endHours":19.199386960144427,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:12","end":"20:28","startHours":19.199386960144427,"endHours":20.461388691949406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:28","end":"21:43","startHours":20.461388691949406,"endHours":21.72339042375438,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:43","end":"22:59","startHours":21.72339042375438,"endHours":22.98539215555936,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:59","end":"00:15","startHours":22.98539215555936,"endHours":24.24739388736434,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:15","end":"01:31","startHours":24.24739388736434,"endHours":25.509395619169315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:31","end":"02:46","startHours":25.509395619169315,"endHours":26.771397350974294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:46","end":"04:02","startHours":26.771397350974294,"endHours":28.03339908277927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:02","end":"05:18","startHours":28.03339908277927,"endHours":29.295400814584248,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":5.295400814584249,"endHours":6.295400814584249,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.295400814584249,"endHours":7.295400814584249,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.295400814584249,"endHours":8.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.295400814584248,"endHours":9.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.295400814584248,"endHours":10.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.295400814584248,"endHours":11.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.295400814584248,"endHours":12.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.295400814584248,"endHours":13.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.295400814584248,"endHours":14.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.295400814584248,"endHours":15.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.295400814584248,"endHours":16.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.295400814584248,"endHours":17.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.295400814584248,"endHours":18.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.295400814584248,"endHours":19.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.295400814584248,"endHours":20.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.295400814584248,"endHours":21.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.295400814584248,"endHours":22.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.295400814584248,"endHours":23.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.295400814584248,"endHours":24.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.295400814584248,"endHours":25.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.295400814584248,"endHours":26.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.295400814584248,"endHours":27.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.295400814584248,"endHours":28.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.295400814584248,"endHours":29.295400814584248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.644622459977178,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":-10.2681}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-386,"saka_samvat":-521,"bengali_samvat":-1036,"malayalam_era":-1267,"nanakshahi_year":-1912,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram -386 undefined · Śaka -521 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"ratha-yatra","name":"Ratha-Yātrā (Jagannātha Puri)","name_sanskrit":"रथ यात्रा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Jagannātha (Krishna) + Balarāma + Subhadrā","significance":"Jagannātha's annual ratha-yātrā at Puri.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":2,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Ratha-Yātrā (Jagannātha Puri) is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"haridwar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 444 BCE · Haridwār · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 444 BCE for Haridwār: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:18, sūryāsta 19:12.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/-0443-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/-0443-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/-0443-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/-0443-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/haridwar/-0443-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T20:46:33.378Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T20:46:33.378Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T20:46:33.378Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}