{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:gwalior:2003-12-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2003-12-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-12-01","date_display":"December 1, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452974.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864509.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":223.9959,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":314.7191,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.7232,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7232},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":314.7191,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0524},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":178.715},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452974.770833,"ahargana":1864509.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9077,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.51028299999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.356583,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3383},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":327.32198300000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":243.676783,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":143.25498300000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":251.02878299999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":78.06488300000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":29.3262,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":209.3262,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452974.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864509.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":223.9959,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":314.7191,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.7232,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7232},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":314.7191,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.0524},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":178.715},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.338,"elongation":90.723},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.338,"opposition_distance":89.277}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-7,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.629,"elongation":0.882}]},"city":{"slug":"gwalior","name":"Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh","lat":26.2183,"lon":78.1828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"gwalior","name":"Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh","lat":26.2183,"lon":78.1828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:48","sunsetLocal":"17:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":10.628291498336438,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 37 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 22 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:34","moonsetLocal":"00:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:08","end":"09:28","startHours":8.133353178117162,"endHours":9.461889615409216,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:47","end":"12:07","startHours":10.790426052701271,"endHours":12.118962489993326,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:27","end":"14:47","startHours":13.44749892728538,"endHours":14.776035364577435,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:17","end":"09:38","startHours":9.284751423770278,"endHours":9.639027807048159,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:32","startHours":7.247662219922459,"endHours":7.531083326544764,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:46","end":"12:28","startHours":11.764686106715445,"endHours":12.473238873271207,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:23","end":"06:06","startHours":5.387711207713583,"endHours":6.096263974269345,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:55","end":"06:48","startHours":5.919125782630404,"endHours":6.804816740825108,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:53","end":"14:36","startHours":13.890344406382733,"endHours":14.598897172938495,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:14","end":"17:38","startHours":17.233108239161545,"endHours":17.633108239161544,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:26","end":"17:53","startHours":17.433108239161545,"endHours":17.875953718258895,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:11","end":"18:56","startHours":17.183108239161545,"endHours":18.933108239161545,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:46","end":"00:28","startHours":23.764686106715445,"endHours":24.473238873271207,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:48","end":"08:08","startHours":6.804816740825108,"endHours":8.133353178117162,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:08","end":"09:28","startHours":8.133353178117162,"endHours":9.461889615409216,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:28","end":"10:47","startHours":9.461889615409216,"endHours":10.790426052701271,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:47","end":"12:07","startHours":10.790426052701271,"endHours":12.118962489993326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:07","end":"13:27","startHours":12.118962489993326,"endHours":13.44749892728538,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:27","end":"14:47","startHours":13.44749892728538,"endHours":14.776035364577435,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:47","end":"16:06","startHours":14.776035364577435,"endHours":16.10457180186949,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:06","end":"17:26","startHours":16.10457180186949,"endHours":17.433108239161545,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:26","end":"19:06","startHours":17.433108239161545,"endHours":19.10457180186949,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:06","end":"20:47","startHours":19.10457180186949,"endHours":20.776035364577435,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:47","end":"22:27","startHours":20.776035364577435,"endHours":22.44749892728538,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:27","end":"00:07","startHours":22.44749892728538,"endHours":24.118962489993326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:07","end":"01:47","startHours":24.118962489993326,"endHours":25.79042605270127,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:47","end":"03:28","startHours":25.79042605270127,"endHours":27.461889615409216,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:28","end":"05:08","startHours":27.461889615409216,"endHours":29.13335317811716,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:08","end":"06:48","startHours":29.13335317811716,"endHours":30.804816740825107,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:48","end":"07:48","startHours":6.804816740825108,"endHours":7.804816740825108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:48","end":"08:48","startHours":7.804816740825108,"endHours":8.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:48","end":"09:48","startHours":8.804816740825107,"endHours":9.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:48","end":"10:48","startHours":9.804816740825107,"endHours":10.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:48","end":"11:48","startHours":10.804816740825107,"endHours":11.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:48","end":"12:48","startHours":11.804816740825107,"endHours":12.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:48","end":"13:48","startHours":12.804816740825107,"endHours":13.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:48","end":"14:48","startHours":13.804816740825107,"endHours":14.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:48","end":"15:48","startHours":14.804816740825107,"endHours":15.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:48","end":"16:48","startHours":15.804816740825107,"endHours":16.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:48","end":"17:48","startHours":16.804816740825107,"endHours":17.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:48","end":"18:48","startHours":17.804816740825107,"endHours":18.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:48","end":"19:48","startHours":18.804816740825107,"endHours":19.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:48","end":"20:48","startHours":19.804816740825107,"endHours":20.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:48","end":"21:48","startHours":20.804816740825107,"endHours":21.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:48","end":"22:48","startHours":21.804816740825107,"endHours":22.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:48","end":"23:48","startHours":22.804816740825107,"endHours":23.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:48","end":"00:48","startHours":23.804816740825107,"endHours":24.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:48","end":"01:48","startHours":24.804816740825107,"endHours":25.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:48","end":"02:48","startHours":25.804816740825107,"endHours":26.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:48","end":"03:48","startHours":26.804816740825107,"endHours":27.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:48","end":"04:48","startHours":27.804816740825107,"endHours":28.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:48","end":"05:48","startHours":28.804816740825107,"endHours":29.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:48","end":"06:48","startHours":29.804816740825107,"endHours":30.804816740825107,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.706257298484026,"eotMinutes":10.131050600400467,"ayanamsa":23.9077}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"gwalior"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 1, 2003 CE · Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 1, 2003 CE for Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:48, sūryāsta 17:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2003-12-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2003-12-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2003-12-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2003-12-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2003-12-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T02:44:35.966Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T02:44:35.966Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-24T02:44:35.966Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}