{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:gwalior:2001-04-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2001-04-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-04-01","date_display":"April 1, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452000.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863535.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.6797,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.4203,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":86.7407,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7407},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":74.4203,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7537},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":62.1},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452000.770833,"ahargana":1863535.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8704,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.515897,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":72.192497,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.5099},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":236.77029700000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":327.260397,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":43.70759700000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":344.545697,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":33.854896999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":80.9334,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":260.9334,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452000.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863535.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.6797,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.4203,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":86.7407,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7407},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":74.4203,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7537},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":62.1},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.51,"elongation":86.741},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.51,"opposition_distance":93.259}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"gwalior","name":"Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh","lat":26.2183,"lon":78.1828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"gwalior","name":"Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh","lat":26.2183,"lon":78.1828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"18:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:22","dayLengthHours":12.420716297564969,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 25 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 34 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:08","moonsetLocal":"00:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:01","end":"18:34","startHours":17.01798687993939,"endHours":18.57057641713501,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:22","end":"13:55","startHours":12.360218268352526,"endHours":13.912807805548145,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:28","end":"17:01","startHours":15.465397342743767,"endHours":17.01798687993939,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:28","startHours":9.048027255668533,"endHours":9.462051132254032,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"07:00","startHours":6.667389965301914,"endHours":6.998609066570313,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:46","startHours":11.946194391767024,"endHours":12.774242144938023,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:30","end":"05:19","startHours":4.493764613228045,"endHours":5.321812366399042,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:07","end":"06:09","startHours":5.114800428106293,"endHours":6.14986011957004,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:16","startHours":14.43033765128002,"endHours":15.258385404451017,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:22","end":"18:46","startHours":18.37057641713501,"endHours":18.770576417135008,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:34","end":"19:05","startHours":18.57057641713501,"endHours":19.088106262866884,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:19","end":"20:04","startHours":18.32057641713501,"endHours":20.07057641713501,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:46","startHours":23.946194391767026,"endHours":24.774242144938025,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:09","end":"07:42","startHours":6.14986011957004,"endHours":7.702449656765662,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:42","end":"09:15","startHours":7.702449656765662,"endHours":9.255039193961283,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:15","end":"10:48","startHours":9.255039193961283,"endHours":10.807628731156903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:48","end":"12:22","startHours":10.807628731156903,"endHours":12.360218268352526,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:22","end":"13:55","startHours":12.360218268352526,"endHours":13.912807805548145,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:55","end":"15:28","startHours":13.912807805548145,"endHours":15.465397342743767,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:28","end":"17:01","startHours":15.465397342743767,"endHours":17.01798687993939,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:01","end":"18:34","startHours":17.01798687993939,"endHours":18.57057641713501,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:34","end":"20:01","startHours":18.57057641713501,"endHours":20.017986879939386,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:01","end":"21:28","startHours":20.017986879939386,"endHours":21.465397342743767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:28","end":"22:55","startHours":21.465397342743767,"endHours":22.912807805548145,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:55","end":"00:22","startHours":22.912807805548145,"endHours":24.360218268352526,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:22","end":"01:48","startHours":24.360218268352526,"endHours":25.807628731156903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:48","end":"03:15","startHours":25.807628731156903,"endHours":27.25503919396128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:15","end":"04:42","startHours":27.25503919396128,"endHours":28.70244965676566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:42","end":"06:09","startHours":28.70244965676566,"endHours":30.14986011957004,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.14986011957004,"endHours":7.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.14986011957004,"endHours":8.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.14986011957004,"endHours":9.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.14986011957004,"endHours":10.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.14986011957004,"endHours":11.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.14986011957004,"endHours":12.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.14986011957004,"endHours":13.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.14986011957004,"endHours":14.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.14986011957004,"endHours":15.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.14986011957004,"endHours":16.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.14986011957004,"endHours":17.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.14986011957004,"endHours":18.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.14986011957004,"endHours":19.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.14986011957004,"endHours":20.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.14986011957004,"endHours":21.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.14986011957004,"endHours":22.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.14986011957004,"endHours":23.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.14986011957004,"endHours":24.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.14986011957004,"endHours":25.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.14986011957004,"endHours":26.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.14986011957004,"endHours":27.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.14986011957004,"endHours":28.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.14986011957004,"endHours":29.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.14986011957004,"endHours":30.14986011957004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.503586117612102,"eotMinutes":-4.344296101151456,"ayanamsa":23.8704}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"gwalior"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 1, 2001 CE · Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 1, 2001 CE for Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 18:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2001-04-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2001-04-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2001-04-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2001-04-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2001-04-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T01:34:58.722Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T01:34:58.722Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-24T01:34:58.722Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}