{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:gwalior:2000-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2000-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2000-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2000 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451571.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863106.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5455,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.1538,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":264.6083,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6083},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":188.1538,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4872},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":111.6993},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451571.770833,"ahargana":1863106.2708,"kali_year":5101,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.854,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5602879999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":190.408188,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4792},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":324.64848800000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":291.812188,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":3.590688,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":250.09948799999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.59788800000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":103.6639,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":283.6639,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2000,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451571.770833,"kali_year":5101,"ahargana":1863106.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5455,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.1538,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":264.6083,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6083},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":188.1538,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4872},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":111.6993},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.479,"elongation":95.392},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.479,"opposition_distance":84.608}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-7,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.697,"opposition_distance":1.262}]},"city":{"slug":"gwalior","name":"Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh","lat":26.2183,"lon":78.1828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"gwalior","name":"Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh","lat":26.2183,"lon":78.1828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:04","sunsetLocal":"17:56","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":10.873798490101017,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 52 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 07 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:41","moonsetLocal":"11:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:09","end":"12:30","startHours":11.14483238931847,"endHours":12.504057200581098,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:13","end":"16:35","startHours":15.22250682310635,"endHours":16.58173163436898,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"09:47","startHours":8.426382766793216,"endHours":9.785607578055842,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:36","end":"09:58","startHours":9.604377603220826,"endHours":9.96683755289086,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:31","end":"07:49","startHours":7.520232892618131,"endHours":7.810200852354159,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:52","startHours":12.141597250911063,"endHours":12.866517150251132,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:37","end":"06:21","startHours":5.6173181568504535,"endHours":6.342238056190521,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:10","end":"07:04","startHours":6.161008081355504,"endHours":7.067157955530589,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:02","startHours":14.316356948931265,"endHours":15.041276848271332,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:44","end":"18:08","startHours":17.740956445631607,"endHours":18.140956445631605,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:56","end":"18:24","startHours":17.940956445631606,"endHours":18.39403138271915,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:41","end":"19:26","startHours":17.690956445631606,"endHours":19.440956445631606,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:52","startHours":24.141597250911065,"endHours":24.86651715025113,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:04","end":"08:26","startHours":7.067157955530589,"endHours":8.426382766793216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:26","end":"09:47","startHours":8.426382766793216,"endHours":9.785607578055842,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:47","end":"11:09","startHours":9.785607578055842,"endHours":11.14483238931847,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:09","end":"12:30","startHours":11.14483238931847,"endHours":12.504057200581098,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:30","end":"13:52","startHours":12.504057200581098,"endHours":13.863282011843724,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:52","end":"15:13","startHours":13.863282011843724,"endHours":15.22250682310635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:13","end":"16:35","startHours":15.22250682310635,"endHours":16.58173163436898,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:35","end":"17:56","startHours":16.58173163436898,"endHours":17.940956445631606,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:56","end":"19:35","startHours":17.940956445631606,"endHours":19.58173163436898,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:35","end":"21:13","startHours":19.58173163436898,"endHours":21.22250682310635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:13","end":"22:52","startHours":21.22250682310635,"endHours":22.863282011843726,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:52","end":"00:30","startHours":22.863282011843726,"endHours":24.504057200581098,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:30","end":"02:09","startHours":24.504057200581098,"endHours":26.14483238931847,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:09","end":"03:47","startHours":26.14483238931847,"endHours":27.785607578055846,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:47","end":"05:26","startHours":27.785607578055846,"endHours":29.426382766793218,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:26","end":"07:04","startHours":29.426382766793218,"endHours":31.06715795553059,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.067157955530589,"endHours":8.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.06715795553059,"endHours":9.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.06715795553059,"endHours":10.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.06715795553059,"endHours":11.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.06715795553059,"endHours":12.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.06715795553059,"endHours":13.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.06715795553059,"endHours":14.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.06715795553059,"endHours":15.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.06715795553059,"endHours":16.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.06715795553059,"endHours":17.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.06715795553059,"endHours":18.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.06715795553059,"endHours":19.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.06715795553059,"endHours":20.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.06715795553059,"endHours":21.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.06715795553059,"endHours":22.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.06715795553059,"endHours":23.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.06715795553059,"endHours":24.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.06715795553059,"endHours":25.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.06715795553059,"endHours":26.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.06715795553059,"endHours":27.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.06715795553059,"endHours":28.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.06715795553059,"endHours":29.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.06715795553059,"endHours":30.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":30.06715795553059,"endHours":31.06715795553059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-18.41540999808436,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":23.854}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2057,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1922,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1407,"malayalam_era":1176,"nanakshahi_year":531,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2057 Vijaya · Śaka 1922 Vikrama"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"gwalior"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2000 CE · Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2000 CE for Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:04, sūryāsta 17:56.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2000-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2000-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2000-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2000-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/gwalior/2000-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T03:06:04.733Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T03:06:04.733Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T03:06:04.733Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}