{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:erode:2026-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2026-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461252.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872787.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0643,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":300.3083,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":197.244,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.244},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":300.3083,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.975},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":43.3726},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461252.770833,"ahargana":1872787.2708,"kali_year":5128,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2243,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.65630199999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":299.839102,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8123},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":57.848202000000015,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":84.09750199999996,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":102.32670200000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":148.46520199999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.559302,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":310.7179,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":130.7179,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461252.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872787.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0643,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":300.3083,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":197.244,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.244},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":300.3083,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.975},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":43.3726},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.812,"elongation":162.756},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.812,"opposition_distance":17.244}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:06","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":12.626616461739353,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 37 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 22 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:39","moonsetLocal":"07:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:51","end":"12:25","startHours":10.84171585082176,"endHours":12.42004290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:35","end":"17:09","startHours":15.576697023974017,"endHours":17.155024081691437,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:41","end":"09:16","startHours":7.685061735386922,"endHours":9.26338879310434,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:28","startHours":9.052945185408685,"endHours":9.473832400799997,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:58","startHours":6.632843696908643,"endHours":6.969553469221692,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:50","startHours":11.999155693147868,"endHours":12.840930123930493,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:25","end":"05:16","startHours":4.423185816104256,"endHours":5.264960246886879,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:03","end":"06:06","startHours":5.054516639191224,"endHours":6.106734677669503,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:31","end":"15:22","startHours":14.524478985495737,"endHours":15.36625341627836,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.533351139408857,"endHours":18.933351139408856,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:16","startHours":18.733351139408857,"endHours":19.259460158647997,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.483351139408857,"endHours":20.233351139408857,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:50","startHours":23.99915569314787,"endHours":24.84093012393049,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:06","end":"07:41","startHours":6.106734677669503,"endHours":7.685061735386922,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:41","end":"09:16","startHours":7.685061735386922,"endHours":9.26338879310434,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:16","end":"10:51","startHours":9.26338879310434,"endHours":10.84171585082176,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:51","end":"12:25","startHours":10.84171585082176,"endHours":12.42004290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:25","end":"14:00","startHours":12.42004290853918,"endHours":13.998369966256599,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:00","end":"15:35","startHours":13.998369966256599,"endHours":15.576697023974017,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:35","end":"17:09","startHours":15.576697023974017,"endHours":17.155024081691437,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:09","end":"18:44","startHours":17.155024081691437,"endHours":18.733351139408857,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:44","end":"20:09","startHours":18.733351139408857,"endHours":20.155024081691437,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:09","end":"21:35","startHours":20.155024081691437,"endHours":21.57669702397402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:35","end":"23:00","startHours":21.57669702397402,"endHours":22.9983699662566,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:00","end":"00:25","startHours":22.9983699662566,"endHours":24.42004290853918,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:25","end":"01:51","startHours":24.42004290853918,"endHours":25.84171585082176,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:51","end":"03:16","startHours":25.84171585082176,"endHours":27.26338879310434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:16","end":"04:41","startHours":27.26338879310434,"endHours":28.685061735386924,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:41","end":"06:06","startHours":28.685061735386924,"endHours":30.106734677669504,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.106734677669503,"endHours":7.106734677669503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.106734677669503,"endHours":8.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.106734677669504,"endHours":9.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.106734677669504,"endHours":10.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.106734677669504,"endHours":11.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.106734677669504,"endHours":12.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.106734677669504,"endHours":13.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.106734677669504,"endHours":14.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.106734677669504,"endHours":15.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.106734677669504,"endHours":16.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.106734677669504,"endHours":17.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.106734677669504,"endHours":18.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.106734677669504,"endHours":19.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.106734677669504,"endHours":20.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.106734677669504,"endHours":21.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.106734677669504,"endHours":22.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.106734677669504,"endHours":23.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.106734677669504,"endHours":24.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.106734677669504,"endHours":25.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.106734677669504,"endHours":26.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.106734677669504,"endHours":27.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.106734677669504,"endHours":28.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.106734677669504,"endHours":29.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.106734677669504,"endHours":30.106734677669504,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.296053193098906,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.2243}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"erode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2026 CE · Erode, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2026 CE for Erode, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:06, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2026-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2026-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2026-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2026-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2026-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T10:44:49.751Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T10:44:49.751Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T10:44:49.751Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}