{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:erode:2002-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2002-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452295.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863830.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.8681,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":2.0965,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":85.2284,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2284},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":2.0965,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0965},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":278.9645},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452295.770833,"ahargana":1863830.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8817,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.937325,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.091825,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.016},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":337.649325,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":290.16312500000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":74.10672499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":278.49142499999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.34702500000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":65.3029,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":245.3029,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452295.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863830.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.8681,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":2.0965,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":85.2284,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2284},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":2.0965,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.0965},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":278.9645},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.016,"elongation":85.228},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.016,"opposition_distance":94.772}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:43","sunsetLocal":"18:17","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":11.563445483103774,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 33 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 26 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:49","moonsetLocal":"00:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:10","end":"09:37","startHours":8.170156797988287,"endHours":9.61558748337626,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:04","end":"12:30","startHours":11.06101816876423,"endHours":12.506448854152202,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:57","end":"15:24","startHours":13.951879539540174,"endHours":15.397310224928145,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:48","startHours":9.422863391991196,"endHours":9.808311574761321,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:31","startHours":7.206536341062972,"endHours":7.514894887279073,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:54","startHours":12.121000671382076,"endHours":12.891897036922328,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:11","end":"05:57","startHours":5.182933381519812,"endHours":5.953829747060063,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:46","end":"06:43","startHours":5.761105655675001,"endHours":6.724726112600315,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:12","startHours":14.43368976800283,"endHours":15.204586133543081,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:05","end":"18:29","startHours":18.08817159570409,"endHours":18.488171595704088,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:17","end":"18:46","startHours":18.28817159570409,"endHours":18.769981824166745,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:02","end":"19:47","startHours":18.03817159570409,"endHours":19.78817159570409,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:54","startHours":24.121000671382077,"endHours":24.89189703692233,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:43","end":"08:10","startHours":6.724726112600315,"endHours":8.170156797988287,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:10","end":"09:37","startHours":8.170156797988287,"endHours":9.61558748337626,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:37","end":"11:04","startHours":9.61558748337626,"endHours":11.06101816876423,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:04","end":"12:30","startHours":11.06101816876423,"endHours":12.506448854152202,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:30","end":"13:57","startHours":12.506448854152202,"endHours":13.951879539540174,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:57","end":"15:24","startHours":13.951879539540174,"endHours":15.397310224928145,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:24","end":"16:51","startHours":15.397310224928145,"endHours":16.842740910316117,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:51","end":"18:17","startHours":16.842740910316117,"endHours":18.28817159570409,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:17","end":"19:51","startHours":18.28817159570409,"endHours":19.842740910316117,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:51","end":"21:24","startHours":19.842740910316117,"endHours":21.397310224928145,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:24","end":"22:57","startHours":21.397310224928145,"endHours":22.951879539540172,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:57","end":"00:30","startHours":22.951879539540172,"endHours":24.506448854152204,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:30","end":"02:04","startHours":24.506448854152204,"endHours":26.061018168764228,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:04","end":"03:37","startHours":26.061018168764228,"endHours":27.61558748337626,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:37","end":"05:10","startHours":27.61558748337626,"endHours":29.170156797988287,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:10","end":"06:43","startHours":29.170156797988287,"endHours":30.724726112600315,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.724726112600315,"endHours":7.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.724726112600315,"endHours":8.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.724726112600315,"endHours":9.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.724726112600315,"endHours":10.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.724726112600315,"endHours":11.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.724726112600315,"endHours":12.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.724726112600315,"endHours":13.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.724726112600315,"endHours":14.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.724726112600315,"endHours":15.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.724726112600315,"endHours":16.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.724726112600315,"endHours":17.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.724726112600315,"endHours":18.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.724726112600315,"endHours":19.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.724726112600315,"endHours":20.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.724726112600315,"endHours":21.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.724726112600315,"endHours":22.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.724726112600315,"endHours":23.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.724726112600315,"endHours":24.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.724726112600315,"endHours":25.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.724726112600315,"endHours":26.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.724726112600315,"endHours":27.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.724726112600315,"endHours":28.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.724726112600315,"endHours":29.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":29.724726112600315,"endHours":30.724726112600315,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.972469968639178,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.8817}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"bhishma-ashtami","name":"Bhīṣmāṣṭamī","name_sanskrit":"भीष्माष्टमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Bhīṣma Pitāmaha","significance":"Bhīṣma's mahaprasthāna anniversary (Māgha Śukla 8); Bhīṣma-tarpaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":8,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Mahābhārata, Anuśāsana Parva"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"erode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 2002 CE · Erode, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 2002 CE for Erode, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:43, sūryāsta 18:17.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2002-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2002-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2002-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2002-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2002-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T19:07:48.659Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T19:07:48.659Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T19:07:48.659Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}