{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:erode:2001-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2001-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451937.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863472.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.304,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":325.5595,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":41.2554,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2554},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":325.5595,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5595},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":249.8635},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451937.770833,"ahargana":1863472.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.868,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.3164039999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.151304,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9458},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":206.48570399999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":302.740904,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.29860400000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":330.956504,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.11130400000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.2714,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.2714,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451937.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863472.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.304,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":325.5595,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":41.2554,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2554},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":325.5595,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5595},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":249.8635},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.946,"elongation":41.255},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.946,"opposition_distance":138.745}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-18,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":11.614804940871116,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 36 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 23 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:05","moonsetLocal":"21:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:21","startHours":16.890649053407763,"endHours":18.342499671016654,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:32","end":"13:59","startHours":12.535097200581095,"endHours":13.986947818189986,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.438798435798875,"endHours":16.890649053407763,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:26","end":"09:49","startHours":9.437815883015466,"endHours":9.82497604771117,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:13","end":"07:31","startHours":7.211644936015168,"endHours":7.521373067771731,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:55","startHours":12.147937035885393,"endHours":12.922257365276801,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:11","end":"05:57","startHours":5.179054071362723,"endHours":5.9533744007541305,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:46","end":"06:44","startHours":5.7597943184062785,"endHours":6.727694730145538,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:15","startHours":14.470898024059615,"endHours":15.245218353451023,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.142499671016655,"endHours":18.542499671016653,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:50","startHours":18.342499671016654,"endHours":18.826449876886283,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.092499671016654,"endHours":19.842499671016654,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:55","startHours":24.147937035885395,"endHours":24.922257365276803,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:44","end":"08:11","startHours":6.727694730145538,"endHours":8.179545347754427,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:11","end":"09:38","startHours":8.179545347754427,"endHours":9.631395965363318,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:38","end":"11:05","startHours":9.631395965363318,"endHours":11.083246582972206,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:05","end":"12:32","startHours":11.083246582972206,"endHours":12.535097200581095,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:32","end":"13:59","startHours":12.535097200581095,"endHours":13.986947818189986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:59","end":"15:26","startHours":13.986947818189986,"endHours":15.438798435798875,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.438798435798875,"endHours":16.890649053407763,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:53","end":"18:21","startHours":16.890649053407763,"endHours":18.342499671016654,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:21","end":"19:53","startHours":18.342499671016654,"endHours":19.890649053407763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:53","end":"21:26","startHours":19.890649053407763,"endHours":21.438798435798876,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:26","end":"22:59","startHours":21.438798435798876,"endHours":22.986947818189986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:59","end":"00:32","startHours":22.986947818189986,"endHours":24.535097200581095,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:32","end":"02:05","startHours":24.535097200581095,"endHours":26.083246582972208,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:05","end":"03:38","startHours":26.083246582972208,"endHours":27.631395965363318,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:38","end":"05:11","startHours":27.631395965363318,"endHours":29.179545347754427,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:11","end":"06:44","startHours":29.179545347754427,"endHours":30.727694730145537,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.727694730145538,"endHours":7.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.727694730145538,"endHours":8.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.727694730145538,"endHours":9.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.727694730145538,"endHours":10.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.727694730145538,"endHours":11.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.727694730145538,"endHours":12.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.727694730145538,"endHours":13.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.727694730145538,"endHours":14.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.727694730145538,"endHours":15.727694730145538,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.727694730145538,"endHours":16.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.727694730145537,"endHours":17.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.727694730145537,"endHours":18.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.727694730145537,"endHours":19.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.727694730145537,"endHours":20.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.727694730145537,"endHours":21.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.727694730145537,"endHours":22.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.727694730145537,"endHours":23.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.727694730145537,"endHours":24.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.727694730145537,"endHours":25.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.727694730145537,"endHours":26.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.727694730145537,"endHours":27.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.727694730145537,"endHours":28.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.727694730145537,"endHours":29.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.727694730145537,"endHours":30.727694730145537,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.21766161128022,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":23.868}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"erode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2001 CE · Erode, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2001 CE for Erode, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2001-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2001-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2001-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2001-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/2001-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T23:42:34.196Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T23:42:34.196Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T23:42:34.196Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}