{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:erode:1997-09-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1997-09-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-09-21","date_display":"September 21, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450712.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862247.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.5486,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.8035,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":236.2549,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2549},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.8035,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1369},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":183.3522},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450712.770833,"ahargana":1862247.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8212,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":154.28090799999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":32.91010799999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9205},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.74870799999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":137.463508,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":288.759808,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":196.595908,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":354.492308,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":149.1778,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":329.1778,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450712.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862247.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.5486,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.8035,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":236.2549,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2549},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.8035,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1369},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":183.3522},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.92,"elongation":123.745},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.92,"opposition_distance":56.255}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.043,"elongation":1.659}]},"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:07","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:11","dayLengthHours":12.1334753930664,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 08 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 51 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:47","moonsetLocal":"10:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:15","startHours":16.740364482354288,"endHours":18.25704890648759,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:11","end":"13:42","startHours":12.190311209954391,"endHours":13.70699563408769,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:13","end":"16:44","startHours":15.22368005822099,"endHours":16.740364482354288,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:57","end":"09:22","startHours":8.95471777180335,"endHours":9.35916695157223,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:57","startHours":6.62913498813229,"endHours":6.952694331947394,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:36","startHours":11.78586203018551,"endHours":12.594760389723271,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:30","end":"05:19","startHours":4.50577679434567,"endHours":5.314675153883431,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":5.112450563998991,"endHours":6.12357351342119,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:13","end":"15:01","startHours":14.21255710879879,"endHours":15.021455468336551,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.05704890648759,"endHours":18.45704890648759,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:46","startHours":18.25704890648759,"endHours":18.76261038119869,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":18.00704890648759,"endHours":19.75704890648759,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:36","startHours":23.785862030185513,"endHours":24.59476038972327,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:07","end":"07:38","startHours":6.12357351342119,"endHours":7.64025793755449,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:38","end":"09:09","startHours":7.64025793755449,"endHours":9.15694236168779,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:09","end":"10:40","startHours":9.15694236168779,"endHours":10.67362678582109,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:40","end":"12:11","startHours":10.67362678582109,"endHours":12.190311209954391,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:11","end":"13:42","startHours":12.190311209954391,"endHours":13.70699563408769,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:42","end":"15:13","startHours":13.70699563408769,"endHours":15.22368005822099,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:13","end":"16:44","startHours":15.22368005822099,"endHours":16.740364482354288,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:44","end":"18:15","startHours":16.740364482354288,"endHours":18.25704890648759,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:15","end":"19:44","startHours":18.25704890648759,"endHours":19.74036448235429,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:44","end":"21:13","startHours":19.74036448235429,"endHours":21.22368005822099,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:13","end":"22:42","startHours":21.22368005822099,"endHours":22.70699563408769,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:42","end":"00:11","startHours":22.70699563408769,"endHours":24.19031120995439,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:11","end":"01:40","startHours":24.19031120995439,"endHours":25.673626785821092,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:40","end":"03:09","startHours":25.673626785821092,"endHours":27.15694236168779,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:09","end":"04:38","startHours":27.15694236168779,"endHours":28.64025793755449,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:38","end":"06:07","startHours":28.64025793755449,"endHours":30.123573513421192,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.12357351342119,"endHours":7.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.12357351342119,"endHours":8.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.12357351342119,"endHours":9.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.12357351342119,"endHours":10.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.12357351342119,"endHours":11.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.12357351342119,"endHours":12.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.12357351342119,"endHours":13.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.12357351342119,"endHours":14.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.12357351342119,"endHours":15.12357351342119,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.12357351342119,"endHours":16.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.123573513421192,"endHours":17.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.123573513421192,"endHours":18.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.123573513421192,"endHours":19.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.123573513421192,"endHours":20.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.123573513421192,"endHours":21.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.123573513421192,"endHours":22.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.123573513421192,"endHours":23.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.123573513421192,"endHours":24.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.123573513421192,"endHours":25.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.123573513421192,"endHours":26.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.123573513421192,"endHours":27.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.123573513421192,"endHours":28.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.123573513421192,"endHours":29.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.123573513421192,"endHours":30.123573513421192,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":0.7547370491037183,"eotMinutes":7.712527402736593,"ayanamsa":23.8212}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"erode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 21, 1997 CE · Erode, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 21, 1997 CE for Erode, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:07, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1997-09-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1997-09-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1997-09-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1997-09-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1997-09-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:23:54.309Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:23:54.309Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-30T23:23:54.309Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}