{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:erode:1948-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1948-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1948-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 1948 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432566.770833,"kali_year":5049,"ahargana":1844101.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7097,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.7331,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":55.0235,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0235},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":326.7331,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7331},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":238.4428},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1948,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432566.770833,"ahargana":1844101.2708,"kali_year":5049,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1272,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.693218,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.95701800000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0406},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":134.840918,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":280.3824179999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":236.59571800000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":305.080918,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":118.305518,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":30.6402,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":210.6402,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432566.770833,"kali_year":5049,"ahargana":1844101.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7097,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.7331,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":55.0235,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0235},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":326.7331,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7331},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":238.4428},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.041,"elongation":55.023},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.041,"opposition_distance":124.977}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"erode","name":"Erode, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.341,"lon":77.7172,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:43","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":11.52805876934221,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 31 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 28 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:56","moonsetLocal":"21:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:02","end":"12:29","startHours":11.039394346195184,"endHours":12.48040169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:22","end":"16:48","startHours":15.362416384698513,"endHours":16.80342373086629,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:09","end":"09:36","startHours":8.157379653859632,"endHours":9.598387000027408,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:24","end":"09:47","startHours":9.40625268720504,"endHours":9.79052131284978,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:30","startHours":7.196708089747782,"endHours":7.504122990263574,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:52","startHours":12.09613306671822,"endHours":12.8646703180077,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:11","end":"05:57","startHours":5.1792978051128955,"endHours":5.947835056402376,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:45","end":"06:43","startHours":5.755700743580006,"endHours":6.716372307691857,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:24","end":"15:10","startHours":14.401744820586662,"endHours":15.170282071876143,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.044431077034066,"endHours":18.444431077034064,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:43","startHours":18.244431077034065,"endHours":18.72476685908999,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":17.994431077034065,"endHours":19.744431077034065,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:52","startHours":24.09613306671822,"endHours":24.8646703180077,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:43","end":"08:09","startHours":6.716372307691857,"endHours":8.157379653859632,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:09","end":"09:36","startHours":8.157379653859632,"endHours":9.598387000027408,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:36","end":"11:02","startHours":9.598387000027408,"endHours":11.039394346195184,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:02","end":"12:29","startHours":11.039394346195184,"endHours":12.48040169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:29","end":"13:55","startHours":12.48040169236296,"endHours":13.921409038530737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:55","end":"15:22","startHours":13.921409038530737,"endHours":15.362416384698513,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:22","end":"16:48","startHours":15.362416384698513,"endHours":16.80342373086629,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:48","end":"18:15","startHours":16.80342373086629,"endHours":18.244431077034065,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:15","end":"19:48","startHours":18.244431077034065,"endHours":19.80342373086629,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:48","end":"21:22","startHours":19.80342373086629,"endHours":21.362416384698513,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:22","end":"22:55","startHours":21.362416384698513,"endHours":22.921409038530737,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:55","end":"00:29","startHours":22.921409038530737,"endHours":24.48040169236296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:29","end":"02:02","startHours":24.48040169236296,"endHours":26.039394346195184,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:02","end":"03:36","startHours":26.039394346195184,"endHours":27.598387000027408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:36","end":"05:09","startHours":27.598387000027408,"endHours":29.157379653859632,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:09","end":"06:43","startHours":29.157379653859632,"endHours":30.716372307691856,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.716372307691857,"endHours":7.716372307691857,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.716372307691857,"endHours":8.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.716372307691856,"endHours":9.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.716372307691856,"endHours":10.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.716372307691856,"endHours":11.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.716372307691856,"endHours":12.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.716372307691856,"endHours":13.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.716372307691856,"endHours":14.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.716372307691856,"endHours":15.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.716372307691856,"endHours":16.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.716372307691856,"endHours":17.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.716372307691856,"endHours":18.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.716372307691856,"endHours":19.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.716372307691856,"endHours":20.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.716372307691856,"endHours":21.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.716372307691856,"endHours":22.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.716372307691856,"endHours":23.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.716372307691856,"endHours":24.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.716372307691856,"endHours":25.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.716372307691856,"endHours":26.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.716372307691856,"endHours":27.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.716372307691856,"endHours":28.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.716372307691856,"endHours":29.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":29.716372307691856,"endHours":30.716372307691856,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.161197984307137,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":23.1272}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2005,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1870,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1355,"malayalam_era":1124,"nanakshahi_year":479,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2005 Plava · Śaka 1870 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"erode"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 1948 CE · Erode, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 1948 CE for Erode, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:43, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1948-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1948-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1948-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1948-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/erode/1948-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T03:53:47.416Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T03:53:47.416Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T03:53:47.416Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}