{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:2028-07-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2028-07-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-07-30","date_display":"July 30, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461982.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873517.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.5725,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":206.8099,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":104.2374,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2374},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":206.8099,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8099},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.3825},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461982.770833,"ahargana":1873517.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2522,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.16641099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":209.64771100000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0852},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":71.52221099999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":107.79641099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":150.865111,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":57.58311100000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.546110999999996,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":272.039,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":92.039,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461982.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873517.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.5725,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":206.8099,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":104.2374,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2374},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":206.8099,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.8099},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.3825},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.085,"elongation":104.237},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.085,"opposition_distance":75.763}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-8,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.016,"elongation":2.314},{"offset_days":6,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.134,"opposition_distance":1.947}]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:25","sunsetLocal":"19:35","solarNoonLocal":"13:00","dayLengthHours":13.171031302502918,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:35","moonsetLocal":"01:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:57","end":"19:35","startHours":17.943141500384932,"endHours":19.589520413197796,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.004004761946337,"endHours":14.650383674759201,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"16:18","end":"17:57","startHours":16.29676258757207,"endHours":17.943141500384932,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:56","startHours":9.49172974794556,"endHours":9.930764124695656,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:58","end":"07:19","startHours":6.9672820816325,"endHours":7.3185095830325775,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:34","end":"13:27","startHours":12.56497038519624,"endHours":13.443039138696435,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:40","end":"05:32","startHours":4.662351603694489,"endHours":5.540420357194684,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:25","startHours":5.320903168819635,"endHours":6.418489110694878,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:12","end":"16:05","startHours":15.199176645696824,"endHours":16.077245399197018,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:23","end":"19:47","startHours":19.389520413197797,"endHours":19.789520413197796,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:35","end":"20:08","startHours":19.589520413197796,"endHours":20.13831338413542,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:20","end":"21:05","startHours":19.339520413197796,"endHours":21.089520413197796,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:34","end":"01:27","startHours":24.56497038519624,"endHours":25.443039138696435,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:25","end":"08:04","startHours":6.418489110694878,"endHours":8.064868023507742,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:04","end":"09:43","startHours":8.064868023507742,"endHours":9.711246936320608,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:43","end":"11:21","startHours":9.711246936320608,"endHours":11.357625849133473,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:21","end":"13:00","startHours":11.357625849133473,"endHours":13.004004761946337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.004004761946337,"endHours":14.650383674759201,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:39","end":"16:18","startHours":14.650383674759201,"endHours":16.29676258757207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:18","end":"17:57","startHours":16.29676258757207,"endHours":17.943141500384932,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:57","end":"19:35","startHours":17.943141500384932,"endHours":19.589520413197796,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:35","end":"20:57","startHours":19.589520413197796,"endHours":20.943141500384932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:57","end":"22:18","startHours":20.943141500384932,"endHours":22.29676258757207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:18","end":"23:39","startHours":22.29676258757207,"endHours":23.6503836747592,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:39","end":"01:00","startHours":23.6503836747592,"endHours":25.004004761946337,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:00","end":"02:21","startHours":25.004004761946337,"endHours":26.357625849133473,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:21","end":"03:43","startHours":26.357625849133473,"endHours":27.711246936320606,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:43","end":"05:04","startHours":27.711246936320606,"endHours":29.064868023507742,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:04","end":"06:25","startHours":29.064868023507742,"endHours":30.41848911069488,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.418489110694878,"endHours":7.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.418489110694878,"endHours":8.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.418489110694878,"endHours":9.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.418489110694878,"endHours":10.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.418489110694878,"endHours":11.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.418489110694878,"endHours":12.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.418489110694878,"endHours":13.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.418489110694878,"endHours":14.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.418489110694878,"endHours":15.418489110694878,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.418489110694878,"endHours":16.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.41848911069488,"endHours":17.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.41848911069488,"endHours":18.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.41848911069488,"endHours":19.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.41848911069488,"endHours":20.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.41848911069488,"endHours":21.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.41848911069488,"endHours":22.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.41848911069488,"endHours":23.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.41848911069488,"endHours":24.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.41848911069488,"endHours":25.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.41848911069488,"endHours":26.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.41848911069488,"endHours":27.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.41848911069488,"endHours":28.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.41848911069488,"endHours":29.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":29.41848911069488,"endHours":30.41848911069488,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.414308902971573,"eotMinutes":-6.1146857167802535,"ayanamsa":24.2522}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 30, 2028 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 30, 2028 CE for Dvārakā: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:25, sūryāsta 19:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2028-07-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2028-07-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2028-07-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2028-07-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2028-07-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:50:39.797Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:50:39.797Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:50:39.797Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}