{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:2023-01-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2023-01-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-01-12","date_display":"January 12, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459956.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871491.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.1836,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":146.3133,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.1297,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1297},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":146.3133,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.98},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":53.4969},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459956.770833,"ahargana":1871491.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1747,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.37871900000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":142.72621900000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.596},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":43.664619000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.812419,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":338.518419,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":286.732619,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":299.475719,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":19.3862,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":199.3862,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459956.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871491.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.1836,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":146.3133,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.1297,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1297},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":146.3133,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.98},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":53.4969},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.596,"elongation":120.87},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.596,"opposition_distance":59.13}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:36","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"13:02","dayLengthHours":10.881402211010231,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 52 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 07 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:33","moonsetLocal":"10:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:24","end":"15:46","startHours":14.400026653649244,"endHours":15.760201930025522,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:36","end":"08:58","startHours":7.599150271767849,"endHours":8.959325548144127,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:19","end":"11:41","startHours":10.319500824520407,"endHours":11.679676100896685,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:08","end":"10:30","startHours":10.13814412100357,"endHours":10.500857528037244,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"08:03","end":"08:21","startHours":8.052542030559941,"endHours":8.34271275618688,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:41","end":"13:24","startHours":12.677137970239292,"endHours":13.40256478430664,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:09","end":"06:52","startHours":6.148296643633151,"endHours":6.8737234577005,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:42","end":"07:36","startHours":6.692366754183663,"endHours":7.599150271767849,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:51","end":"15:35","startHours":14.853418412441336,"endHours":15.578845226508685,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.28055248277808,"endHours":18.68055248277808,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:56","startHours":18.48055248277808,"endHours":18.933944241570174,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.23055248277808,"endHours":19.98055248277808,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:41","end":"01:24","startHours":24.677137970239293,"endHours":25.40256478430664,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:36","end":"08:58","startHours":7.599150271767849,"endHours":8.959325548144127,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:58","end":"10:19","startHours":8.959325548144127,"endHours":10.319500824520407,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:19","end":"11:41","startHours":10.319500824520407,"endHours":11.679676100896685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:41","end":"13:02","startHours":11.679676100896685,"endHours":13.039851377272964,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:02","end":"14:24","startHours":13.039851377272964,"endHours":14.400026653649244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:24","end":"15:46","startHours":14.400026653649244,"endHours":15.760201930025522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:46","end":"17:07","startHours":15.760201930025522,"endHours":17.120377206401802,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:07","end":"18:29","startHours":17.120377206401802,"endHours":18.48055248277808,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:29","end":"20:07","startHours":18.48055248277808,"endHours":20.120377206401802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:07","end":"21:46","startHours":20.120377206401802,"endHours":21.760201930025524,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:46","end":"23:24","startHours":21.760201930025524,"endHours":23.400026653649242,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:24","end":"01:02","startHours":23.400026653649242,"endHours":25.039851377272964,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:02","end":"02:41","startHours":25.039851377272964,"endHours":26.679676100896685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:41","end":"04:19","startHours":26.679676100896685,"endHours":28.319500824520407,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:19","end":"05:58","startHours":28.319500824520407,"endHours":29.95932554814413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:58","end":"07:36","startHours":29.95932554814413,"endHours":31.599150271767847,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:36","end":"08:36","startHours":7.599150271767849,"endHours":8.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:36","end":"09:36","startHours":8.599150271767849,"endHours":9.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:36","end":"10:36","startHours":9.599150271767849,"endHours":10.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:36","end":"11:36","startHours":10.599150271767849,"endHours":11.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:36","end":"12:36","startHours":11.599150271767849,"endHours":12.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:36","end":"13:36","startHours":12.599150271767849,"endHours":13.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:36","end":"14:36","startHours":13.599150271767849,"endHours":14.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:36","end":"15:36","startHours":14.599150271767849,"endHours":15.599150271767849,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:36","end":"16:36","startHours":15.599150271767849,"endHours":16.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:36","end":"17:36","startHours":16.599150271767847,"endHours":17.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:36","end":"18:36","startHours":17.599150271767847,"endHours":18.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:36","end":"19:36","startHours":18.599150271767847,"endHours":19.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:36","end":"20:36","startHours":19.599150271767847,"endHours":20.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:36","end":"21:36","startHours":20.599150271767847,"endHours":21.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:36","end":"22:36","startHours":21.599150271767847,"endHours":22.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:36","end":"23:36","startHours":22.599150271767847,"endHours":23.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:36","end":"00:36","startHours":23.599150271767847,"endHours":24.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:36","end":"01:36","startHours":24.599150271767847,"endHours":25.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:36","end":"02:36","startHours":25.599150271767847,"endHours":26.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:36","end":"03:36","startHours":26.599150271767847,"endHours":27.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:36","end":"04:36","startHours":27.599150271767847,"endHours":28.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:36","end":"05:36","startHours":28.599150271767847,"endHours":29.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:36","end":"06:36","startHours":29.599150271767847,"endHours":30.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:36","end":"07:36","startHours":30.599150271767847,"endHours":31.599150271767847,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.71075769653733,"eotMinutes":-8.265482636377905,"ayanamsa":24.1747}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 12, 2023 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 12, 2023 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:36, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2023-01-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2023-01-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2023-01-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2023-01-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2023-01-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:27:24.692Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:27:24.692Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:27:24.692Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}