{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:2016-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2016-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457418.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868953.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.471,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":186.6777,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.2066,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2066},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":186.6777,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.011},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.1487},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457418.770833,"ahargana":1868953.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0776,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.502889,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":184.44698900000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.437},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":200.168089,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":262.068889,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":147.60908900000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":254.53598899999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":229.75108899999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":153.8617,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":333.8617,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457418.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868953.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.471,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":186.6777,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.2066,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2066},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":186.6777,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.011},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.1487},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.437,"elongation":99.793},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.437,"opposition_distance":80.207}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:34","sunsetLocal":"18:42","solarNoonLocal":"13:08","dayLengthHours":11.134180336147647,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:35","moonsetLocal":"12:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:18","end":"18:42","startHours":17.302904101752738,"endHours":18.694676643771192,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:08","end":"14:31","startHours":13.12758647569737,"endHours":14.519359017715825,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:55","end":"17:18","startHours":15.91113155973428,"endHours":17.302904101752738,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:10","end":"10:32","startHours":10.15847171939133,"endHours":10.529611063929586,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"08:01","end":"08:19","startHours":8.024420488296364,"endHours":8.32133196392697,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:45","end":"13:30","startHours":12.756447131159113,"endHours":13.498725820235624,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:05","end":"06:49","startHours":6.075938929470526,"endHours":6.8182176185470365,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:38","end":"07:34","startHours":6.632647946277909,"endHours":7.560496307623546,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:59","end":"15:44","startHours":14.983283198388644,"endHours":15.725561887465155,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:30","end":"18:54","startHours":18.494676643771193,"endHours":18.89467664377119,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:42","end":"19:10","startHours":18.694676643771192,"endHours":19.15860082444401,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:27","end":"20:12","startHours":18.444676643771192,"endHours":20.194676643771192,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:45","end":"01:30","startHours":24.756447131159117,"endHours":25.498725820235624,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:34","end":"08:57","startHours":7.560496307623546,"endHours":8.952268849642001,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:57","end":"10:21","startHours":8.952268849642001,"endHours":10.344041391660458,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:21","end":"11:44","startHours":10.344041391660458,"endHours":11.735813933678912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:44","end":"13:08","startHours":11.735813933678912,"endHours":13.12758647569737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:08","end":"14:31","startHours":13.12758647569737,"endHours":14.519359017715825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:31","end":"15:55","startHours":14.519359017715825,"endHours":15.91113155973428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:55","end":"17:18","startHours":15.91113155973428,"endHours":17.302904101752738,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:18","end":"18:42","startHours":17.302904101752738,"endHours":18.694676643771192,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:42","end":"20:18","startHours":18.694676643771192,"endHours":20.302904101752738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:18","end":"21:55","startHours":20.302904101752738,"endHours":21.91113155973428,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:55","end":"23:31","startHours":21.91113155973428,"endHours":23.519359017715825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:31","end":"01:08","startHours":23.519359017715825,"endHours":25.12758647569737,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:08","end":"02:44","startHours":25.12758647569737,"endHours":26.735813933678912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:44","end":"04:21","startHours":26.735813933678912,"endHours":28.344041391660458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:21","end":"05:57","startHours":28.344041391660458,"endHours":29.952268849642003,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:57","end":"07:34","startHours":29.952268849642003,"endHours":31.560496307623545,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:34","end":"08:34","startHours":7.560496307623546,"endHours":8.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:34","end":"09:34","startHours":8.560496307623545,"endHours":9.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:34","end":"10:34","startHours":9.560496307623545,"endHours":10.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:34","end":"11:34","startHours":10.560496307623545,"endHours":11.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:34","end":"12:34","startHours":11.560496307623545,"endHours":12.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:34","end":"13:34","startHours":12.560496307623545,"endHours":13.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:34","end":"14:34","startHours":13.560496307623545,"endHours":14.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:34","end":"15:34","startHours":14.560496307623545,"endHours":15.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:34","end":"16:34","startHours":15.560496307623545,"endHours":16.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:34","end":"17:34","startHours":16.560496307623545,"endHours":17.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:34","end":"18:34","startHours":17.560496307623545,"endHours":18.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:34","end":"19:34","startHours":18.560496307623545,"endHours":19.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:34","end":"20:34","startHours":19.560496307623545,"endHours":20.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:34","end":"21:34","startHours":20.560496307623545,"endHours":21.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:34","end":"22:34","startHours":21.560496307623545,"endHours":22.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:34","end":"23:34","startHours":22.560496307623545,"endHours":23.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:34","end":"00:34","startHours":23.560496307623545,"endHours":24.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:34","end":"01:34","startHours":24.560496307623545,"endHours":25.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:34","end":"02:34","startHours":25.560496307623545,"endHours":26.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:34","end":"03:34","startHours":26.560496307623545,"endHours":27.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:34","end":"04:34","startHours":27.560496307623545,"endHours":28.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:34","end":"05:34","startHours":28.560496307623545,"endHours":29.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:34","end":"06:34","startHours":29.560496307623545,"endHours":30.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:34","end":"07:34","startHours":30.560496307623545,"endHours":31.560496307623545,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.582273300030476,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":24.0776}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2016 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2016 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:34, sūryāsta 18:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2016-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2016-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2016-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2016-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2016-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:39:15.738Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:39:15.738Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:39:15.738Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}