{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:2013-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2013-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456563.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868098.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.2611,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":80.1633,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":279.9021,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9021},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":80.1633,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.1633},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":240.4244},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456563.770833,"ahargana":1868098.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0449,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.03875600000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":80.51155599999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9348},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":115.226856,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":183.859056,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":83.382856,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":204.96675600000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":195.384456,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":199.1637,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":19.1637,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456563.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868098.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.2611,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":80.1633,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":279.9021,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9021},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":80.1633,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.1633},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":240.4244},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.935,"elongation":80.098},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.935,"opposition_distance":99.902}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":12.009905333633865,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 00 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 59 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:40","moonsetLocal":"14:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:44","end":"11:14","startHours":9.72993717479458,"endHours":11.231175341498812,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:14","end":"15:44","startHours":14.233651674907279,"endHours":15.734889841611512,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:44","end":"08:14","startHours":6.727460841386113,"endHours":8.228699008090347,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:56","startHours":9.529772085900682,"endHours":9.930102263688477,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:14","end":"07:33","startHours":7.227873563620858,"endHours":7.548137705851095,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:08","startHours":12.33208333041525,"endHours":13.13274368599084,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:08","end":"05:56","startHours":5.126140130234932,"endHours":5.9268004858105225,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":5.726635396916625,"endHours":6.727460841386113,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:32","startHours":14.734064397142024,"endHours":15.534724752717615,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.53736617501998,"endHours":18.937366175019978,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:14","startHours":18.73736617501998,"endHours":19.237778897254724,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.48736617501998,"endHours":20.23736617501998,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:08","startHours":24.332083330415248,"endHours":25.132743685990842,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:44","end":"08:14","startHours":6.727460841386113,"endHours":8.228699008090347,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:14","end":"09:44","startHours":8.228699008090347,"endHours":9.72993717479458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:44","end":"11:14","startHours":9.72993717479458,"endHours":11.231175341498812,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:14","end":"12:44","startHours":11.231175341498812,"endHours":12.732413508203045,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:44","end":"14:14","startHours":12.732413508203045,"endHours":14.233651674907279,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:14","end":"15:44","startHours":14.233651674907279,"endHours":15.734889841611512,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:44","end":"17:14","startHours":15.734889841611512,"endHours":17.236128008315745,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:44","startHours":17.236128008315745,"endHours":18.73736617501998,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:44","end":"20:14","startHours":18.73736617501998,"endHours":20.236128008315745,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:14","end":"21:44","startHours":20.236128008315745,"endHours":21.734889841611512,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:44","end":"23:14","startHours":21.734889841611512,"endHours":23.23365167490728,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:14","end":"00:44","startHours":23.23365167490728,"endHours":24.732413508203045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:44","end":"02:14","startHours":24.732413508203045,"endHours":26.231175341498812,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:14","end":"03:44","startHours":26.231175341498812,"endHours":27.72993717479458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:44","end":"05:14","startHours":27.72993717479458,"endHours":29.228699008090345,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:14","end":"06:44","startHours":29.228699008090345,"endHours":30.72746084138611,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.727460841386113,"endHours":7.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.727460841386113,"endHours":8.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.727460841386113,"endHours":9.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.727460841386113,"endHours":10.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.727460841386113,"endHours":11.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.727460841386113,"endHours":12.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.727460841386113,"endHours":13.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.727460841386113,"endHours":14.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.727460841386113,"endHours":15.727460841386113,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.727460841386113,"endHours":16.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.72746084138611,"endHours":17.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.72746084138611,"endHours":18.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.72746084138611,"endHours":19.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.72746084138611,"endHours":20.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.72746084138611,"endHours":21.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.72746084138611,"endHours":22.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.72746084138611,"endHours":23.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.72746084138611,"endHours":24.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.72746084138611,"endHours":25.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.72746084138611,"endHours":26.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.72746084138611,"endHours":27.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.72746084138611,"endHours":28.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.72746084138611,"endHours":29.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.72746084138611,"endHours":30.72746084138611,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-2.019701395744682,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":24.0449}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 2013 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 2013 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2013-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2013-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2013-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2013-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2013-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T17:07:35.419Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T17:07:35.419Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T17:07:35.419Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}