{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:2002-12-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2002-12-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-12-24","date_display":"December 24, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452632.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864167.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":247.8332,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":120.0507,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":232.2176,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2176},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":120.0507,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0507},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.8839},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452632.770833,"ahargana":1864167.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8946,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.14795000000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":119.81055000000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2938},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":200.53065000000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":267.82735,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":113.48765000000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":202.57145000000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":61.07285000000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":47.447,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":227.447,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452632.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864167.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":247.8332,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":120.0507,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":232.2176,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2176},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":120.0507,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0507},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.8839},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.294,"elongation":127.782},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.294,"opposition_distance":52.218}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-20,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.273,"elongation":2.306},{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.434,"opposition_distance":2.531}]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:31","sunsetLocal":"18:17","solarNoonLocal":"12:54","dayLengthHours":10.772393612919949,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:55","moonsetLocal":"10:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:36","end":"16:57","startHours":15.595616339963577,"endHours":16.942165541578568,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:13","end":"11:33","startHours":10.209419533503603,"endHours":11.555968735118595,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:54","end":"14:15","startHours":12.902517936733588,"endHours":14.249067138348583,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:02","end":"10:23","startHours":10.029879639954936,"endHours":10.388959427052267,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:58","end":"08:15","startHours":7.965170864145279,"endHours":8.252434693823144,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:33","end":"13:16","startHours":12.543438149636257,"endHours":13.261597723830919,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:05","end":"06:48","startHours":6.080001981884288,"endHours":6.798161556078951,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:37","end":"07:31","startHours":6.618621662530286,"endHours":7.516321130273615,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:25","startHours":14.697916872220247,"endHours":15.41607644641491,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:05","end":"18:29","startHours":18.088714743193563,"endHours":18.48871474319356,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:17","end":"18:44","startHours":18.288714743193562,"endHours":18.737564477065227,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:02","end":"19:47","startHours":18.038714743193562,"endHours":19.788714743193562,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:33","end":"01:16","startHours":24.543438149636255,"endHours":25.26159772383092,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:31","end":"08:52","startHours":7.516321130273615,"endHours":8.862870331888608,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:52","end":"10:13","startHours":8.862870331888608,"endHours":10.209419533503603,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:13","end":"11:33","startHours":10.209419533503603,"endHours":11.555968735118595,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:33","end":"12:54","startHours":11.555968735118595,"endHours":12.902517936733588,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:54","end":"14:15","startHours":12.902517936733588,"endHours":14.249067138348583,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:15","end":"15:36","startHours":14.249067138348583,"endHours":15.595616339963577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:36","end":"16:57","startHours":15.595616339963577,"endHours":16.942165541578568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:57","end":"18:17","startHours":16.942165541578568,"endHours":18.288714743193562,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:17","end":"19:57","startHours":18.288714743193562,"endHours":19.942165541578568,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:57","end":"21:36","startHours":19.942165541578568,"endHours":21.595616339963577,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:36","end":"23:15","startHours":21.595616339963577,"endHours":23.249067138348583,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:15","end":"00:54","startHours":23.249067138348583,"endHours":24.902517936733588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:54","end":"02:33","startHours":24.902517936733588,"endHours":26.555968735118594,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:33","end":"04:13","startHours":26.555968735118594,"endHours":28.2094195335036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:13","end":"05:52","startHours":28.2094195335036,"endHours":29.862870331888608,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:52","end":"07:31","startHours":29.862870331888608,"endHours":31.516321130273614,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.516321130273615,"endHours":8.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.516321130273614,"endHours":9.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.516321130273614,"endHours":10.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.516321130273614,"endHours":11.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.516321130273614,"endHours":12.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.516321130273614,"endHours":13.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.516321130273614,"endHours":14.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.516321130273614,"endHours":15.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.516321130273614,"endHours":16.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.516321130273614,"endHours":17.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.516321130273614,"endHours":18.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.516321130273614,"endHours":19.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.516321130273614,"endHours":20.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.516321130273614,"endHours":21.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.516321130273614,"endHours":22.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.516321130273614,"endHours":23.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.516321130273614,"endHours":24.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.516321130273614,"endHours":25.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.516321130273614,"endHours":26.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.516321130273614,"endHours":27.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.516321130273614,"endHours":28.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.516321130273614,"endHours":29.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.516321130273614,"endHours":30.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":30.516321130273614,"endHours":31.516321130273614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.42072006771359,"eotMinutes":-0.025476204015291604,"ayanamsa":23.8946}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 24, 2002 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 24, 2002 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:31, sūryāsta 18:17.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2002-12-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2002-12-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2002-12-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2002-12-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2002-12-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T13:41:10.752Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T13:41:10.752Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T13:41:10.752Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}