{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:2001-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2001-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452259.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863794.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.8834,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":256.0062,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.1228,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1228},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":256.0062,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6729},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":135.8896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452259.770833,"ahargana":1863794.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8803,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.26480100000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":254.23530099999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.6874},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":311.325701,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":246.46220100000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.77960099999996,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":233.20820100000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":46.48670099999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":67.2103,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":247.2103,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452259.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863794.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.8834,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":256.0062,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.1228,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1228},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":256.0062,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6729},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":135.8896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.687,"elongation":16.123},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.687,"opposition_distance":163.877}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:27","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:50","dayLengthHours":10.779732641817382,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:24","moonsetLocal":"19:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:14","startHours":16.882544460228644,"endHours":18.230011040455818,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:50","end":"14:11","startHours":12.840144719547126,"endHours":14.1876112997743,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:32","end":"16:53","startHours":15.535077880001474,"endHours":16.882544460228644,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:58","end":"10:19","startHours":9.965549348395825,"endHours":10.324873769789738,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:54","end":"08:11","startHours":7.899433925380827,"endHours":8.186893462495958,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:12","startHours":12.480820298153214,"endHours":13.199469140941039,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:01","end":"06:44","startHours":6.012980713062785,"endHours":6.731629555850611,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:33","end":"07:27","startHours":6.551967345153654,"endHours":7.450278398638436,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:21","startHours":14.636766826516691,"endHours":15.355415669304517,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.03001104045582,"endHours":18.430011040455817,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:41","startHours":18.230011040455818,"endHours":18.67916656719821,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.980011040455818,"endHours":19.730011040455818,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:12","startHours":24.480820298153212,"endHours":25.19946914094104,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:27","end":"08:48","startHours":7.450278398638436,"endHours":8.797744978865609,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:48","end":"10:09","startHours":8.797744978865609,"endHours":10.145211559092782,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:09","end":"11:30","startHours":10.145211559092782,"endHours":11.492678139319954,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:30","end":"12:50","startHours":11.492678139319954,"endHours":12.840144719547126,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:50","end":"14:11","startHours":12.840144719547126,"endHours":14.1876112997743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:11","end":"15:32","startHours":14.1876112997743,"endHours":15.535077880001474,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:32","end":"16:53","startHours":15.535077880001474,"endHours":16.882544460228644,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:53","end":"18:14","startHours":16.882544460228644,"endHours":18.230011040455818,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:14","end":"19:53","startHours":18.230011040455818,"endHours":19.882544460228644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:53","end":"21:32","startHours":19.882544460228644,"endHours":21.535077880001474,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:32","end":"23:11","startHours":21.535077880001474,"endHours":23.1876112997743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:11","end":"00:50","startHours":23.1876112997743,"endHours":24.840144719547126,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:50","end":"02:30","startHours":24.840144719547126,"endHours":26.492678139319953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:30","end":"04:09","startHours":26.492678139319953,"endHours":28.14521155909278,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:09","end":"05:48","startHours":28.14521155909278,"endHours":29.79774497886561,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:48","end":"07:27","startHours":29.79774497886561,"endHours":31.450278398638435,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.450278398638436,"endHours":8.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.450278398638435,"endHours":9.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.450278398638435,"endHours":10.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.450278398638435,"endHours":11.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.450278398638435,"endHours":12.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.450278398638435,"endHours":13.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.450278398638435,"endHours":14.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.450278398638435,"endHours":15.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.450278398638435,"endHours":16.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.450278398638435,"endHours":17.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.450278398638435,"endHours":18.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.450278398638435,"endHours":19.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.450278398638435,"endHours":20.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.450278398638435,"endHours":21.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.450278398638435,"endHours":22.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.450278398638435,"endHours":23.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.450278398638435,"endHours":24.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.450278398638435,"endHours":25.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.450278398638435,"endHours":26.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.450278398638435,"endHours":27.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.450278398638435,"endHours":28.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.450278398638435,"endHours":29.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.450278398638435,"endHours":30.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":30.450278398638435,"endHours":31.450278398638435,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.306996895426774,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":23.8803}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 2001 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 2001 CE for Dvārakā: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:27, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2001-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2001-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2001-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2001-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/2001-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T14:01:49.404Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T14:01:49.404Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T14:01:49.404Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}