{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1997-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450508.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862043.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.8399,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.2012,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":257.3614,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3614},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":214.2012,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8679},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":171.0411},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450508.770833,"ahargana":1862043.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8134,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.67920200000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":210.252302,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.6492},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":158.67100200000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":307.77140199999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":285.049802,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":308.6036019999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":342.769502,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":159.9867,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":339.9867,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450508.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862043.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.8399,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.2012,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":257.3614,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3614},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":214.2012,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8679},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":171.0411},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.649,"elongation":102.639},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.649,"opposition_distance":77.361}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":8,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.134,"elongation":0.078}]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:16","sunsetLocal":"18:58","solarNoonLocal":"13:07","dayLengthHours":11.702404273565278,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 42 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 17 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:31","moonsetLocal":"11:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:12","end":"11:39","startHours":10.19387793422726,"endHours":11.656678468422921,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:35","end":"16:03","startHours":14.58227953681424,"endHours":16.0450800710099,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"08:44","startHours":7.268276865835941,"endHours":8.731077400031602,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:00","end":"10:23","startHours":9.998837863001173,"endHours":10.388918005453348,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:45","end":"08:04","startHours":7.755877043901161,"endHours":8.0679411578629,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:44","end":"13:31","startHours":12.729398860166404,"endHours":13.509559145070755,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:42","end":"06:29","startHours":5.707956296027238,"endHours":6.488116580931589,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:18","end":"07:16","startHours":6.293076509705501,"endHours":7.268276865835941,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:04","end":"15:51","startHours":15.069879714879459,"endHours":15.85003999978381,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:46","end":"19:10","startHours":18.77068113940122,"endHours":19.170681139401218,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:58","end":"19:27","startHours":18.97068113940122,"endHours":19.458281317466437,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:43","end":"20:28","startHours":18.72068113940122,"endHours":20.47068113940122,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:44","end":"01:31","startHours":24.729398860166402,"endHours":25.509559145070757,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"08:44","startHours":7.268276865835941,"endHours":8.731077400031602,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:44","end":"10:12","startHours":8.731077400031602,"endHours":10.19387793422726,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:12","end":"11:39","startHours":10.19387793422726,"endHours":11.656678468422921,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:39","end":"13:07","startHours":11.656678468422921,"endHours":13.11947900261858,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:07","end":"14:35","startHours":13.11947900261858,"endHours":14.58227953681424,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:35","end":"16:03","startHours":14.58227953681424,"endHours":16.0450800710099,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:03","end":"17:30","startHours":16.0450800710099,"endHours":17.50788060520556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"18:58","startHours":17.50788060520556,"endHours":18.97068113940122,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:58","end":"20:30","startHours":18.97068113940122,"endHours":20.507880605205557,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:30","end":"22:03","startHours":20.507880605205557,"endHours":22.0450800710099,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:03","end":"23:35","startHours":22.0450800710099,"endHours":23.58227953681424,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:35","end":"01:07","startHours":23.58227953681424,"endHours":25.11947900261858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:07","end":"02:39","startHours":25.11947900261858,"endHours":26.656678468422918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:39","end":"04:12","startHours":26.656678468422918,"endHours":28.19387793422726,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:12","end":"05:44","startHours":28.19387793422726,"endHours":29.7310774000316,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:44","end":"07:16","startHours":29.7310774000316,"endHours":31.26827686583594,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.268276865835941,"endHours":8.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.26827686583594,"endHours":9.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.26827686583594,"endHours":10.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.26827686583594,"endHours":11.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.26827686583594,"endHours":12.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.26827686583594,"endHours":13.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.26827686583594,"endHours":14.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.26827686583594,"endHours":15.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.26827686583594,"endHours":16.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.26827686583594,"endHours":17.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.26827686583594,"endHours":18.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.26827686583594,"endHours":19.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.26827686583594,"endHours":20.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.26827686583594,"endHours":21.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.26827686583594,"endHours":22.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.26827686583594,"endHours":23.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.26827686583594,"endHours":24.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.26827686583594,"endHours":25.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.26827686583594,"endHours":26.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.26827686583594,"endHours":27.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.26827686583594,"endHours":28.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.26827686583594,"endHours":29.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.26827686583594,"endHours":30.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":30.26827686583594,"endHours":31.26827686583594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.63224644254681,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.8134}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 1997 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 1997 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:16, sūryāsta 18:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T15:53:15.914Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T15:53:15.914Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T15:53:15.914Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}