{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1997-01-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-01-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-01-13","date_display":"January 13, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450461.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861996.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.9584,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":319.3667,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":50.4082,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4082},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":319.3667,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.3251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450461.770833,"ahargana":1861996.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8116,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.078798,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.82679800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.7647},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":158.90099799999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":249.070698,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":274.224698,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":249.76639799999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":338.232798,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":162.477,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":342.477,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450461.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861996.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.9584,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":319.3667,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":50.4082,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4082},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":319.3667,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.3251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.765,"elongation":50.408},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.765,"opposition_distance":129.592}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:36","sunsetLocal":"18:30","solarNoonLocal":"13:03","dayLengthHours":10.894994365272279,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:44","moonsetLocal":"22:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:19","startHours":8.960402637879122,"endHours":10.322276933538157,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:41","end":"13:03","startHours":11.684151229197191,"endHours":13.046025524856226,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:24","end":"15:46","startHours":14.407899820515262,"endHours":15.769774116174297,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:08","end":"10:30","startHours":10.140693694116953,"endHours":10.503860172959362,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"08:03","end":"08:21","startHours":8.0524864407731,"endHours":8.343019623847027,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:41","end":"13:25","startHours":12.682859046013819,"endHours":13.409192003698637,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:09","end":"06:52","startHours":6.145862426850451,"endHours":6.872195384535269,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:41","end":"07:36","startHours":6.6906121451140645,"endHours":7.598528342220088,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:52","end":"15:35","startHours":14.861857919068274,"endHours":15.588190876753092,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:18","end":"18:42","startHours":18.293522707492368,"endHours":18.693522707492367,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:30","end":"18:57","startHours":18.493522707492367,"endHours":18.94748080604538,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:15","end":"20:00","startHours":18.243522707492367,"endHours":19.993522707492367,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:41","end":"01:25","startHours":24.682859046013817,"endHours":25.409192003698635,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:36","end":"08:58","startHours":7.598528342220088,"endHours":8.960402637879122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:19","startHours":8.960402637879122,"endHours":10.322276933538157,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:19","end":"11:41","startHours":10.322276933538157,"endHours":11.684151229197191,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:41","end":"13:03","startHours":11.684151229197191,"endHours":13.046025524856226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:03","end":"14:24","startHours":13.046025524856226,"endHours":14.407899820515262,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:24","end":"15:46","startHours":14.407899820515262,"endHours":15.769774116174297,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:46","end":"17:08","startHours":15.769774116174297,"endHours":17.131648411833332,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:08","end":"18:30","startHours":17.131648411833332,"endHours":18.493522707492367,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:30","end":"20:08","startHours":18.493522707492367,"endHours":20.131648411833332,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:08","end":"21:46","startHours":20.131648411833332,"endHours":21.769774116174297,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:46","end":"23:24","startHours":21.769774116174297,"endHours":23.40789982051526,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:24","end":"01:03","startHours":23.40789982051526,"endHours":25.046025524856226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:03","end":"02:41","startHours":25.046025524856226,"endHours":26.68415122919719,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:41","end":"04:19","startHours":26.68415122919719,"endHours":28.32227693353816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:19","end":"05:58","startHours":28.32227693353816,"endHours":29.960402637879124,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:58","end":"07:36","startHours":29.960402637879124,"endHours":31.59852834222009,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:36","end":"08:36","startHours":7.598528342220088,"endHours":8.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:36","end":"09:36","startHours":8.598528342220089,"endHours":9.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:36","end":"10:36","startHours":9.598528342220089,"endHours":10.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:36","end":"11:36","startHours":10.598528342220089,"endHours":11.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:36","end":"12:36","startHours":11.598528342220089,"endHours":12.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:36","end":"13:36","startHours":12.598528342220089,"endHours":13.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:36","end":"14:36","startHours":13.598528342220089,"endHours":14.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:36","end":"15:36","startHours":14.598528342220089,"endHours":15.598528342220089,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:36","end":"16:36","startHours":15.598528342220089,"endHours":16.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:36","end":"17:36","startHours":16.59852834222009,"endHours":17.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:36","end":"18:36","startHours":17.59852834222009,"endHours":18.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:36","end":"19:36","startHours":18.59852834222009,"endHours":19.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:36","end":"20:36","startHours":19.59852834222009,"endHours":20.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:36","end":"21:36","startHours":20.59852834222009,"endHours":21.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:36","end":"22:36","startHours":21.59852834222009,"endHours":22.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:36","end":"23:36","startHours":22.59852834222009,"endHours":23.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:36","end":"00:36","startHours":23.59852834222009,"endHours":24.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:36","end":"01:36","startHours":24.59852834222009,"endHours":25.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:36","end":"02:36","startHours":25.59852834222009,"endHours":26.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:36","end":"03:36","startHours":26.59852834222009,"endHours":27.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:36","end":"04:36","startHours":27.59852834222009,"endHours":28.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:36","end":"05:36","startHours":28.59852834222009,"endHours":29.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:36","end":"06:36","startHours":29.59852834222009,"endHours":30.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:36","end":"07:36","startHours":30.59852834222009,"endHours":31.59852834222009,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.49446052458877,"eotMinutes":-8.635931491373626,"ayanamsa":23.8116}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 13, 1997 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 13, 1997 CE for Dvārakā: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:36, sūryāsta 18:30.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-01-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-01-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-01-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-01-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1997-01-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T04:47:30.469Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T04:47:30.469Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T04:47:30.469Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}