{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1978-12-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-12-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-12-31","date_display":"December 31, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443873.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855408.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.2445,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":270.3285,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":15.084,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.084},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":270.3285,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6618},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":165.573},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443873.770833,"ahargana":1855408.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5596,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.438808,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.7312079999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9429},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":260.696008,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":234.515808,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":103.21790799999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":210.25180799999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":140.226608,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":151.541,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":331.541,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443873.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855408.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.2445,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":270.3285,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":15.084,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.084},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":270.3285,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6618},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":165.573},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.943,"elongation":15.084},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.943,"opposition_distance":164.916}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:34","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:57","dayLengthHours":10.791053694321945,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 47 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 12 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:40","moonsetLocal":"19:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:00","end":"18:21","startHours":17.003009050767485,"endHours":18.35189076255773,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:57","end":"14:18","startHours":12.956363915396757,"endHours":14.305245627186999,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:39","end":"17:00","startHours":15.654127338977244,"endHours":17.003009050767485,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:05","end":"10:26","startHours":10.078749596910903,"endHours":10.438451386721635,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"08:01","end":"08:18","startHours":8.010464305499198,"endHours":8.298225737347783,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:36","end":"13:19","startHours":12.596662125586025,"endHours":13.316065705207489,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:07","end":"06:50","startHours":6.122029908992857,"endHours":6.841433488614321,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:40","end":"07:34","startHours":6.661582593708955,"endHours":7.5608370682357835,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:45","end":"15:28","startHours":14.754872864450414,"endHours":15.474276444071878,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.15189076255773,"endHours":18.55189076255773,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:48","startHours":18.35189076255773,"endHours":18.801517999821144,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.10189076255773,"endHours":19.85189076255773,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:36","end":"01:19","startHours":24.596662125586025,"endHours":25.31606570520749,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:34","end":"08:55","startHours":7.5608370682357835,"endHours":8.909718780026026,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:55","end":"10:16","startHours":8.909718780026026,"endHours":10.25860049181627,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:16","end":"11:36","startHours":10.25860049181627,"endHours":11.607482203606512,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:36","end":"12:57","startHours":11.607482203606512,"endHours":12.956363915396757,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:57","end":"14:18","startHours":12.956363915396757,"endHours":14.305245627186999,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:18","end":"15:39","startHours":14.305245627186999,"endHours":15.654127338977244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:39","end":"17:00","startHours":15.654127338977244,"endHours":17.003009050767485,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:00","end":"18:21","startHours":17.003009050767485,"endHours":18.35189076255773,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:21","end":"20:00","startHours":18.35189076255773,"endHours":20.00300905076749,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:00","end":"21:39","startHours":20.00300905076749,"endHours":21.654127338977244,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:39","end":"23:18","startHours":21.654127338977244,"endHours":23.305245627187,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:18","end":"00:57","startHours":23.305245627187,"endHours":24.956363915396757,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:57","end":"02:36","startHours":24.956363915396757,"endHours":26.607482203606516,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:36","end":"04:16","startHours":26.607482203606516,"endHours":28.25860049181627,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:16","end":"05:55","startHours":28.25860049181627,"endHours":29.909718780026026,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:55","end":"07:34","startHours":29.909718780026026,"endHours":31.560837068235784,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:34","end":"08:34","startHours":7.5608370682357835,"endHours":8.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:34","end":"09:34","startHours":8.560837068235784,"endHours":9.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:34","end":"10:34","startHours":9.560837068235784,"endHours":10.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:34","end":"11:34","startHours":10.560837068235784,"endHours":11.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:34","end":"12:34","startHours":11.560837068235784,"endHours":12.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:34","end":"13:34","startHours":12.560837068235784,"endHours":13.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:34","end":"14:34","startHours":13.560837068235784,"endHours":14.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:34","end":"15:34","startHours":14.560837068235784,"endHours":15.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:34","end":"16:34","startHours":15.560837068235784,"endHours":16.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:34","end":"17:34","startHours":16.560837068235784,"endHours":17.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:34","end":"18:34","startHours":17.560837068235784,"endHours":18.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:34","end":"19:34","startHours":18.560837068235784,"endHours":19.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:34","end":"20:34","startHours":19.560837068235784,"endHours":20.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:34","end":"21:34","startHours":20.560837068235784,"endHours":21.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:34","end":"22:34","startHours":21.560837068235784,"endHours":22.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:34","end":"23:34","startHours":22.560837068235784,"endHours":23.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:34","end":"00:34","startHours":23.560837068235784,"endHours":24.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:34","end":"01:34","startHours":24.560837068235784,"endHours":25.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:34","end":"02:34","startHours":25.560837068235784,"endHours":26.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:34","end":"03:34","startHours":26.560837068235784,"endHours":27.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:34","end":"04:34","startHours":27.560837068235784,"endHours":28.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:34","end":"05:34","startHours":28.560837068235784,"endHours":29.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:34","end":"06:34","startHours":29.560837068235784,"endHours":30.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:34","end":"07:34","startHours":30.560837068235784,"endHours":31.560837068235784,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.131169015914818,"eotMinutes":-3.2562349238053434,"ayanamsa":23.5596}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 31, 1978 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 31, 1978 CE for Dvārakā: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:34, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-12-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-12-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-12-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-12-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-12-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:36:48.243Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:36:48.243Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T00:36:48.243Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}