{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1978-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443720.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855255.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.4637,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":57.8801,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":314.4164,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4164},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":57.8801,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5468},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":161.3439},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443720.770833,"ahargana":1855255.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5538,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.94205299999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":60.24235299999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4052},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":154.02675299999999,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":128.850553,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":88.60915299999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":147.976653,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":126.83935300000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":159.6476,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":339.6476,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443720.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855255.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.4637,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":57.8801,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":314.4164,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4164},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":57.8801,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5468},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":161.3439},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.405,"elongation":45.584},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.405,"opposition_distance":134.416}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:25","sunsetLocal":"19:35","solarNoonLocal":"13:00","dayLengthHours":13.169810136303122,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:22","moonsetLocal":"16:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:04","end":"09:43","startHours":8.06460410742551,"endHours":9.710830374463399,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:21","end":"13:00","startHours":11.35705664150129,"endHours":13.00328290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:39","end":"16:18","startHours":14.64950917557707,"endHours":16.295735442614962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:56","startHours":9.491333538858347,"endHours":9.930327210068452,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:58","end":"07:19","startHours":6.967119929400249,"endHours":7.318314866368332,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:34","end":"13:27","startHours":12.564289237329076,"endHours":13.442276579749285,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:40","end":"05:32","startHours":4.662403155547202,"endHours":5.540390497967411,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:25","startHours":5.320893662362359,"endHours":6.418377840387619,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:12","end":"16:05","startHours":15.1982512645897,"endHours":16.07623860700991,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:23","end":"19:47","startHours":19.38818797669074,"endHours":19.78818797669074,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:35","end":"20:08","startHours":19.58818797669074,"endHours":20.13693006570337,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:20","end":"21:05","startHours":19.33818797669074,"endHours":21.08818797669074,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:34","end":"01:27","startHours":24.564289237329078,"endHours":25.442276579749283,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:25","end":"08:04","startHours":6.418377840387619,"endHours":8.06460410742551,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:04","end":"09:43","startHours":8.06460410742551,"endHours":9.710830374463399,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:43","end":"11:21","startHours":9.710830374463399,"endHours":11.35705664150129,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:21","end":"13:00","startHours":11.35705664150129,"endHours":13.00328290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.00328290853918,"endHours":14.64950917557707,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:39","end":"16:18","startHours":14.64950917557707,"endHours":16.295735442614962,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:18","end":"17:57","startHours":16.295735442614962,"endHours":17.94196170965285,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:57","end":"19:35","startHours":17.94196170965285,"endHours":19.58818797669074,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:35","end":"20:57","startHours":19.58818797669074,"endHours":20.94196170965285,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:57","end":"22:18","startHours":20.94196170965285,"endHours":22.29573544261496,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:18","end":"23:39","startHours":22.29573544261496,"endHours":23.64950917557707,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:39","end":"01:00","startHours":23.64950917557707,"endHours":25.00328290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:00","end":"02:21","startHours":25.00328290853918,"endHours":26.357056641501288,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:21","end":"03:43","startHours":26.357056641501288,"endHours":27.7108303744634,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:43","end":"05:04","startHours":27.7108303744634,"endHours":29.06460410742551,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:04","end":"06:25","startHours":29.06460410742551,"endHours":30.41837784038762,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.418377840387619,"endHours":7.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.418377840387619,"endHours":8.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.418377840387619,"endHours":9.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.418377840387619,"endHours":10.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.418377840387619,"endHours":11.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.418377840387619,"endHours":12.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.418377840387619,"endHours":13.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.418377840387619,"endHours":14.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.418377840387619,"endHours":15.418377840387619,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.418377840387619,"endHours":16.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.41837784038762,"endHours":17.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.41837784038762,"endHours":18.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.41837784038762,"endHours":19.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.41837784038762,"endHours":20.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.41837784038762,"endHours":21.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.41837784038762,"endHours":22.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.41837784038762,"endHours":23.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.41837784038762,"endHours":24.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.41837784038762,"endHours":25.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.41837784038762,"endHours":26.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.41837784038762,"endHours":27.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.41837784038762,"endHours":28.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.41837784038762,"endHours":29.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":29.41837784038762,"endHours":30.41837784038762,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.39461777328788,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.5538}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1978 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1978 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:25, sūryāsta 19:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1978-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T17:05:05.275Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T17:05:05.275Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T17:05:05.275Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}