{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1948-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1948-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1948-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1948 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432760.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844295.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.3381,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.3917,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.0536,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0536},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.3917,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3917},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":102.7297},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1948,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432760.770833,"ahargana":1844295.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1346,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.73030599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.968606,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.4614},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":163.938306,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":86.98510599999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":237.87830600000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":64.55470600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":120.45200599999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.3612,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.3612,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1948,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432760.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844295.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.3381,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.3917,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":260.0536,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0536},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.3917,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3917},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":102.7297},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.461,"elongation":99.946},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.461,"opposition_distance":80.054}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:24","sunsetLocal":"19:37","solarNoonLocal":"13:00","dayLengthHours":13.21043108411189,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 12 Mins 38 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 47 Mins 22 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:49","moonsetLocal":"12:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.004932544606689,"endHours":14.656236430120675,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:03","end":"09:42","startHours":8.051020888064729,"endHours":9.702324773578715,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:21","end":"13:00","startHours":11.353628659092703,"endHours":13.004932544606689,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:55","startHours":9.48215092217685,"endHours":9.92249862498058,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:18","startHours":6.950151631055405,"endHours":7.302429793298389,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:34","end":"13:27","startHours":12.564584841802958,"endHours":13.445280247410416,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:38","end":"05:31","startHours":4.638326191335824,"endHours":5.519021596943283,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:18","end":"06:24","startHours":5.298847745541418,"endHours":6.399717002550743,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:12","end":"16:05","startHours":15.206671058625338,"endHours":16.087366464232797,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:25","end":"19:49","startHours":19.410148086662634,"endHours":19.810148086662632,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:37","end":"20:10","startHours":19.610148086662633,"endHours":20.160582715167294,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:22","end":"21:07","startHours":19.360148086662633,"endHours":21.110148086662633,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:34","end":"01:27","startHours":24.564584841802958,"endHours":25.44528024741042,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:24","end":"08:03","startHours":6.399717002550743,"endHours":8.051020888064729,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:03","end":"09:42","startHours":8.051020888064729,"endHours":9.702324773578715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:42","end":"11:21","startHours":9.702324773578715,"endHours":11.353628659092703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:21","end":"13:00","startHours":11.353628659092703,"endHours":13.004932544606689,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.004932544606689,"endHours":14.656236430120675,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:39","end":"16:18","startHours":14.656236430120675,"endHours":16.30754031563466,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:18","end":"17:58","startHours":16.30754031563466,"endHours":17.958844201148647,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:58","end":"19:37","startHours":17.958844201148647,"endHours":19.610148086662633,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:37","end":"20:58","startHours":19.610148086662633,"endHours":20.958844201148647,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:58","end":"22:18","startHours":20.958844201148647,"endHours":22.30754031563466,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:18","end":"23:39","startHours":22.30754031563466,"endHours":23.656236430120675,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:39","end":"01:00","startHours":23.656236430120675,"endHours":25.00493254460669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:00","end":"02:21","startHours":25.00493254460669,"endHours":26.353628659092703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:21","end":"03:42","startHours":26.353628659092703,"endHours":27.702324773578717,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:42","end":"05:03","startHours":27.702324773578717,"endHours":29.051020888064727,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:03","end":"06:24","startHours":29.051020888064727,"endHours":30.399717002550744,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.399717002550743,"endHours":7.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.399717002550743,"endHours":8.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.399717002550743,"endHours":9.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.399717002550743,"endHours":10.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.399717002550743,"endHours":11.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.399717002550743,"endHours":12.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.399717002550743,"endHours":13.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.399717002550743,"endHours":14.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.399717002550743,"endHours":15.399717002550743,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.399717002550743,"endHours":16.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.399717002550744,"endHours":17.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.399717002550744,"endHours":18.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.399717002550744,"endHours":19.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.399717002550744,"endHours":20.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.399717002550744,"endHours":21.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.399717002550744,"endHours":22.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.399717002550744,"endHours":23.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.399717002550744,"endHours":24.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.399717002550744,"endHours":25.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.399717002550744,"endHours":26.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.399717002550744,"endHours":27.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.399717002550744,"endHours":28.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.399717002550744,"endHours":29.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":29.399717002550744,"endHours":30.399717002550744,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.046799193800066,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":23.1346}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2005,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1870,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1355,"malayalam_era":1124,"nanakshahi_year":479,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2005 Plava · Śaka 1870 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1948 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 1948 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:24, sūryāsta 19:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1948-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1948-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1948-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1948-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1948-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:09:01.176Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:09:01.176Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T20:09:01.176Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}